Nearctic States & Provinces: AB CO
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
The Nearctic Spider Database, http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/8414
Theridion hemerobium Simon, 1914
FAMILY: THERIDIIDAE Sundevall, 1833
Genus: Theridion Walckenaer, 1805
Species: Theridion hemerobium Simon, 1914
Author of this page: Hancock, John (Page complete and awaiting review)
Common Names
Family Common Name:
cobweb weavers
Genus Common Name:
none
Species Common Name:
none
Distribution
Global Distribution: USA, Canada, Europe
Nearctic States & Provinces:
AB CO
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
space web builders
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
Most often to be found in field layer of grasslands (Hancock, pers. obs.)
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Seasonality of Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Hancock, John
Credit: Hancock, John
Details About Males
Description:
Carapace yellow-white, with a wide median dusky band; margins, eye region dusky. Legs yellow-white, with black patches on bands at middle or distal ends of segments. Abdomen patterned with a pair of blackbands running the its length. Note the small embolus (Levi, 1957).
Male Dimensions:
A+B = 2.4 mm
A = 1.04 mm
C = 1.04 mm
Image of External Male Genitalia:
Credit: Hancock, John
Details About Females
Description:
Carapace yellow-white, with a wide median dusky band; margins, eye region dusky. Legs yellow-white, with black patches on bands at middle or distal ends of segments. Abdomen patterned and has a pair of blacl patches near anterior end.. Note that the epigynum has a drop-shaped opening: a carina almost halfway between opening and posterior border (Levi, 1957).
Female Dimensions:
A+B = 2.5 mm
A = 0.91 mm
C = 0.8 mm
Image of Epigynum:
Credit: Hancock, John
Descriptions Source:
Levi, H. W. 1957. The spider genera Enoplognatha, Theridion, and Paidisca in America north of Mexico (Araneae, Theridiidae). Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 112: 1-124.
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Theridion hemerobium Simon 1914 |
| Theridion hemerobius Simon 1914 |
| Theridion berkeleyi Emerton 1924 |
| Theridion wallacei Schenkel 1950 |
| Theridion fieldi Levi 1951 |
| Allotheridion fieldi Levi & Field 1954 |
| Theridion berkeleyi Levi 1957 |
| Theridion berkeleyi Palmgren 1974 |
| Theridion berkeleyi Kaston 1977 |
| Theridion antusi Kasal 1982 |
| Theridion pictum Levy & Amitai 1982 |
| Theridion hemerobium Vanuytven, Van Keer & Janssen 1990 |
| Theridion hemerobius Blick, Sammorey & Martin 1993 |
| Theridion hemerobius Bosmans, Vanuytven & Van Keer 1994 |
| Theridion hemerobius Roberts 1995 |
| Theridion hemerobius Levy 1998 |
| Theridion hemerobius Roberts 1998 |
| Theridion hemerobium Paquin & Dupérré 2003 |
| Theridion hemerobium Almquist 2005 |
Taxonomic References†
Almquist, S. 2005. Swedish Araneae, part 1: families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded). Insect Syst. Ecol., Suppl. 62: 1-284.
Blick, T., T. Sammorey & D. Martin. 1993. Spinnenaufsammlungen im NSG "Grosser Schwerin mit Steinhorn" (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern), mit Anmerkungen zu Tetragnatha reimoseri (syn. Eucta kaestneri), Theridion hemerobius und Philodromus praedatus (Araneae). Arachnol. Mitt. 6: 26-33.
Bosmans, R., H. Vanuytven & J. Van Keer. 1994. On two poorly known Theridion species, recently collected in Belgium for the first time (Araneae: Theridiidae). Bull. Br. arachnol. Soc. 9: 236-240.
Emerton, J. H. 1924. New California spiders. Pan-Pacif. Ent. 1: 29-31.
Kasal, P. 1982. Theridion antusi sp. n. and Mysmena jobi from Czechoslovakia (Araneida, Theridiidae and Symphytognathidae). Acta ent. bohemoslovaca 79: 73-76.
Kaston, B. J. 1976. Supplement to the spiders of Connecticut. J. Arachnol. 4: 1-72.
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1-874.
Levi, H. W. 1957. The spider genera Enoplognatha, Theridion, and Paidisca in America north of Mexico (Araneae, Theridiidae). Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 112: 1-124.
Levi, H. W. 1951. New and rare spiders from Wisconsin and adjacent states. Am. Mus. Novit. 1501: 1-41.
Levi, H. W. & H. M. Field. 1954. The spiders of Wisconsin. Am. Midl. Nat. 51: 440-467.
Levy, G. 1998. Araneae: Theridiidae. In auna Palaestina, Arachnida III. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
Levy, G. & P. Amitai. 1982. The comb-footed spider genera Theridion, Achaearanea and Anelosimus of Israel (Araneae: Theridiidae). J. Zool., Lond. 196: 81-131.
Palmgren, P. 1974. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands und Ostfennoskandiens. V. Theridiinae und Nesticidae. Fauna Fenn. 26: 1-54.
Paquin, P. & N. Dupérré. 2003. Guide d'identification des araignées de Québec. Fabreries, Suppl. 11 1-251.
Roberts, M. J. 1998. Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Schenkel, E. 1950. Spinnentiere aus dem westlichen Nordamerika, gesammelt von Dr. Hans Schenkel-Rudin. Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 61: 28-92.
Simon, E. 1914. Les arachnides de France. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae; 1re partie. Paris, 6: 1-308.
Tullgren, A. 1949. Bidrag till kännedomen om den svenska spindelfaunan. III. Svenska representanter för familjen Theridiidae. Ent. Tidskr. 70: 33-64.
Vanuytven, H., J. Van Keer & M. Janssen. 1990. Theridion hemerobium Simon, 1914, new for the Belgian spiderfauna (Araneae, Theridiidae). Nwsbr. belg. arachnol. Ver. 5(2): 16.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/THERIDIIDAE.html
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Theridion Walckenaer, 1805‡‡
T. acutitarse Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. aeolium Levi, 1963 ...............USA
T. agrifoliae Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Canada
T. albidum Banks, 1895 ...............USA, Canada
T. arizonense Levi, 1957 ...............USA
T. australe Banks, 1899 ...............USA, Mexico, West Indies
T. betteni Wiehle, 1960 ...............Palearctic
T. californicum Banks, 1904 ...............USA, Canada
T. cameronense Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Mexico
T. campestratum Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. cheimatos Gertsch & Archer, 1942 ...............USA
T. cinctipes Banks, 1898 ...............USA, Mexico
T. cochise Levi, 1963 ...............USA
T. cowlesae Levi, 1957 ...............USA
T. cynicum Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936 ...............USA, Mexico
T. differens Emerton, 1882 ...............USA, Canada
T. dilutum Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Mexico
T. dividuum Gertsch & Archer, 1942 ...............USA
T. dulcineum Gertsch & Archer, 1942 ...............USA
T. ellicottense Dobyns & Bond, 1996 ...............USA
T. familiare O. P.-Cambridge, 1871 ...............Palearctic
T. flavonotatum Becker, 1879 ...............USA, Cuba
T. frondeum Hentz, 1850 ...............USA, Bahama Is.
T. geminipunctum Chamberlin, 1924 ...............USA, Mexico
T. gertschi Levi, 1959 ...............USA, Mexico
T. glaucescens Becker, 1879 ...............USA, Canada
T. goodnightorum Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Mexico
T. grallator Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. haleakalense Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. hidalgo Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Mexico
T. impressum L. Koch, 1881 ...............Holarctic
T. intritum (Bishop & Crosby, 1926) ...............USA
T. istokpoga Levi, 1957 ...............USA to Panama
T. kauaiense Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. kawea Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Mexico
T. lawrencei Gertsch & Archer, 1942 ...............USA
T. leechi Gertsch & Archer, 1942 ...............USA, Canada
T. leviorum Gertsch & Riechert, 1976 ...............USA
T. llano Levi, 1957 ...............USA
T. mauiense Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. melanostictum O. P.-Cambridge, 1876 ...............Mediterranean, Aldabra, China, Japan, USA, Hispaniola
T. melanurum Hahn, 1831 ...............Holarctic, Azores
T. melinum Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. michelbacheri Levi, 1957 ...............USA
T. montanum Emerton, 1882 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska, Norway, Finland, Russia
T. morulum O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 ...............USA, Mexico
T. murarium Emerton, 1882 ...............North America
T. myersi Levi, 1957 ...............USA, Mexico, Jamaica
T. mystaceum L. Koch, 1870 ...............Palearctic
T. neomexicanum Banks, 1901 ...............USA, Canada
T. neshamini Levi, 1957 ...............USA
T. nigrovariegatum Simon, 1873 ...............Palearctic
T. ohlerti (Thorell, 1870) ...............Holarctic
T. ohlerti lundbecki (Sorensen, 1898) ...............Greenland
T. orlando (Archer, 1950) ...............USA
T. pennsylvanicum Emerton, 1913 ...............USA, Canada
T. perkinsi Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. petraeum L. Koch, 1872 ...............Holarctic
T. pictipes Keyserling, 1884 ...............USA
T. pictum (Walckenaer, 1802) ...............Holarctic
T. pinastri L. Koch, 1872 ...............Palearctic
T. positivum Chamberlin, 1924 ...............USA, West Indies to Paraguay
T. posticatum Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. praetextum Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. praetextum concolor Simon, 1900 ...............Hawaii
T. punctipes Emerton, 1924 ...............USA, Mexico
T. rabuni Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944 ...............USA, Bahama Is.
T. saanichum Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
T. sardis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1944 ...............USA
T. sisyphium (Clerck, 1757) ...............Palearctic
T. submissum Gertsch & Davis, 1936 ...............USA, Mexico, Bahama Is., Jamaica
T. timpanogos Levi, 1957 ...............USA
T. transgressum Petrunkevitch, 1911 ...............USA, Mexico
T. varians Hahn, 1833 ...............Holarctic
T. yuma Levi, 1963 ...............USA
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution
Page Reference:
Hancock, John. submitted. Taxonomic and natural history description of FAM: THERIDIIDAE, Theridion hemerobium Simon, 1914.
In: The Nearctic Spider Database. David P. Shorthouse (editor). World Wide Web electronic publication. Direct link: http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/8414 (Accessed: 7/20/2008 9:23:11 PM).
Author Email Address: spidermanjohn@shaw.ca
Text Last Modified: 2006-03-17T18:59:10Z