Nearctic States & Provinces: CA CO IL LA MA NH OH OK SC TX
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
The Nearctic Spider Database, http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/35430
Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845)
bold jumper
FAMILY: SALTICIDAE Blackwall, 1841
Genus: Phidippus C. L. Koch, 1846
Species: Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845)
Common Names
Family Common Name:
jumping spiders
Genus Common Name:
none
Species Common Name:
bold jumper
Distribution
Global Distribution: North America, intorduced in Hawaii, Nicobar Is.
Nearctic States & Provinces:
CA CO IL LA MA NH OH OK SC TX
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
stalkers
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Seasonality of Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Bartlett, Troy
Details About Males
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image of External Male Genitalia:
(image not yet available)
Details About Females
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image of Epigynum:
(image not yet available)
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Salticus variegatus Lucas 1833 |
| Attus morsitans Walckenaer 1837 |
| Attus audax Hentz 1845 |
| Phidippus audax Hentz 1845 |
| Attus fasciolatus Hentz 1846 |
| Attus tripunctatus Hentz 1846 |
| Phidippus alchymista C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus concinnatus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus dubiosus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus electus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus elegans C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus lunulatus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus mundulus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus personatus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus rufimanus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus smaragdifer C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus togatus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Phidippus variegatus C. L. Koch 1846 |
| Attus morsitans Walckenaer 1847 |
| Attus tripunctatus Peckham & Peckham 1883 |
| Phidippus audax Peckham & Peckham 1886 |
| Phidippus mexicanus Peckham & Peckham 1888 |
| Phidippus morsitans Peckham & Peckham 1888 |
| Phidippus rauterbergii Peckham & Peckham 1888 |
| Philaeus farneus Peckham & Peckham 1888 |
| Megatimus severus Thorell 1891 |
| Phidippus tripunctatus Emerton 1891 |
| Megatimus severus Workman & Workman 1894 |
| Phidippus howardii Peckham & Peckham 1896 |
| Phidippus morsitans Peckham & Peckham 1896 |
| Phidippus mexicanus Banks 1898 |
| Dendryphantes morsitans Simon 1901 |
| Dendryphantes severus Simon 1901 |
| Dendryphantes variegatus Simon 1901 |
| Phidippus farneus Peckham & Peckham 1901 |
| Phidippus howardi F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901 |
| Phidippus mexicanus F. O. P.-Cambridge 1901 |
| Phidippus morsitans Tullgren 1901 |
| Phidippus rauterbergi Peckham & Peckham 1901 |
| Phidippus tripunctatus Emerton 1902 |
| Phidippus audax Peckham & Peckham 1909 |
| Phidippus farneus Peckham & Peckham 1909 |
| Phidippus howardi Peckham & Peckham 1909 |
| Phidippus rauterbergi Peckham & Peckham 1909 |
| Phidippus variegatus Peckham & Peckham 1909 |
| Dendryphantes audax Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Dendryphantes farneus Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Dendryphantes howardi Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Dendryphantes mexicanus Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Dendryphantes rauterbergi Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Phidippus audax Comstock 1912 |
| Phidippus variegatus Bryant 1942 |
| Phidippus audax Chickering 1944 |
| Phidippus variegatus Chamberlin & Ivie 1944 |
| Phidippus bryantae Kaston 1945 |
| Phidippus audax Kaston 1948 |
| Phidippus audax Prószynski 1971 |
| Phidippus farneus Prószynski 1971 |
| Phidippus howardi Prószynski 1971 |
| Phidippus mexicanus Prószynski 1971 |
| Phidippus rauterbergi Prószynski 1971 |
| Phidippus variegatus Prószynski 1971 |
| Phidippus audax Prószynski 1976 |
| Phidippus rauterbergi Prószynski 1976 |
| Phidippus audax Richman 1977 |
| Phidippus audax Oehler 1980 |
| Phidippus audax Kim 1987 |
| Phidippus audax Breene et al. 1993 |
| Phidippus audax Maddison 1996 |
| Phidippus audax Prószynski 2002 |
| Phidippus audax Edwards 2004 |
Taxonomic References†
Banks, N. 1898. Arachnida from Baja California and other parts of Mexico. Proc. Californ. Acad. Sci. (3) 1: 205-308.
Breene, R. G., D. A. Dean, M. Nyffeler & G. B. Edwards. 1993. Biology, Predation Ecology, and Significance of Spiders in Texas Cotton Ecosystems with a Key to Species. Texas Agriculture Experiment Station, College Station, 115 pp.
Bryant, E. B. 1942. Descriptions of certain North American Phidippus. Amer. Midl. Nat. 28: 693-707.
Cambridge, F. O. P.-. 1901. Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. In Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology. London, 2: 193-312.
Chamberlin, R. V. & W. Ivie. 1944. Spiders of the Georgia region of North America. Bull. Univ. Utah 35(9): 1-267.
Chickering, A. M. 1944. The Salticidae of Michigan. Pap. Michig. Acad. Sci. 29: 139-222.
Comstock, J. H. 1912. The spider book; a manual for the study of the spiders and their near relatives, the scorpions, pseudoscorpions, whipscorpions, harvestmen and other members of the class Arachnida, found in America north of Mexico, with analytical keys for their classification and popular accounts of their habits. Garden City, New York, pp. 1-721
Edwards, G. B. 2004. Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus Phidippus (Araneae: Salticidae). Occas. Pap. Florida State Collect. Arthropods 11 1-156.
Emerton, J. H. 1902. The common spiders of the United States. Boston, pp. 1-225.
Emerton, J. H. 1891. New England spiders of the family Attidae. Trans. Connect. Acad. Arts Sci. 8: 220-252.
Hentz, N. M. 1846. Descriptions and figures of the araneides of the United States. Boston J. nat. Hist. 5: 352-370.
Hentz, N. M. 1845. Descriptions and figures of the araneides of the United States. Boston J. nat. Hist. 5: 189-202.
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1-874.
Kaston, B. J. 1945. New spiders in the group Dionycha with notes on other species. Am. Mus. Novit. 1290: 1-25.
Kim, J. P. 1987. Notes on the three species of American spiders (Araneae: Agelenidae, Salticidae). Korean Arachnol. 3: 97-102.
Koch, C. L. 1846. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Dreizehnter Band, pp. 1-234, Vierzehnter Band, pp. 1-88.
Lucas, H. 1833. Mémoire sur plusieurs Arachnides nouvelles appartenant au genre Atte de M. de Walckenaer. Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. 2: 476-482.
Maddison, W. P. 1996. Pelegrina Franganillo and other jumping spiders formerly placed in the genus Metaphidippus (Araneae: Salticidae). Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv. 154: 215-368.
Oehler, C. M. 1980. Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in the Cincinnati region of Ohio, including Butler, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties. Ohio biol. Surv. biol. Notes 13: 1-36.
Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham. 1909. Revision of the Attidae of North America. Trans. Wiscons. Ac. Sci. Arts Let. 16(1): 355-655.
Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham. 1901. Spiders of the Phidippus group of the family Attidae. Trans. Wiscons. Acad. Sci. Arts Let. 13: 282-358.
Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham. 1896. Spiders of the family Attidae from Central America and Mexico. Occ. Pap. nat. Hist. Soc. Wiscons. 3: 1-101.
Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham. 1888. Attidae of North America. Trans. Wiscons. Acad. Sci. Arts Let. 7: 1-104.
Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham. 1886. Genera of the family Attidae: with a partial synonymy. Trans. Wiscons. Acad. Sci. Arts Let. 6: 255-342.
Peckham, G. W. & E. G. Peckham. 1883. Descriptions of new or little known spiders of the family Attidae from various parts of the United States of North America. Milwaukee, pp. 1-35.
Petrunkevitch, A. 1911. A synonymic index-catalogue of spiders of North, Central and South America with all adjacent islands, Greeland, Bermuda, West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Galapagos, etc. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 29: 1-791.
Prószynski, J. 2002. Remarks on Salticidae (Aranei) from Hawaii, with description of Havaika gen.n. Arthropoda Selecta 10: 225-241.
Prószynski, J. 1976. Studium systematyczno-zoogeograflczne nad rodzina Salticidae (Aranei) Regionów Palearktycznego i Nearktycznego. Wyzsza Szkola Pedagogiczna Siedlcach 6: 1-260.
Prószynski, J. 1971. Catalogue of Salticidae (Aranei) specimens kept in major collections of the world. Annls zool. Warsz. 28: 367-519.
Richman, D. B. 1977. [Review of] Studium systematyczno-zoogeograficzne nad rodzina Salticidae (Aranei) regionow Palearktycznego i Neartycznego, by J. Prószynski. Peckhamia 1: 9-11.
Simon, E. 1901. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris, 2: 381-668.
Thorell, T. 1891. Spindlar frĺn Nikobarerna och andra delar af södra Asien. Kongl. Svenska. Vet.-Acad. Handl. 24(2): 1-149.
Tullgren, A. 1901. On the spiders collected in Florida by Dr Einer Lönnberg 1892-93. Bih. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. 27(4;1): 1-29.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1847. Histoire naturelles des Insects. Aptčres. Paris, 4: 1-623 (Araneae, pp. 365-564).
Walckenaer, C. A. 1837. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Aptčres. Paris, 1: 1-682.
Workman, T. & M. E. Workman. 1894. Malaysian spiders. Belfast, pp. 9-24.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/SALTICIDAE.html
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Phidippus C. L. Koch, 1846‡‡
P. adumbratus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA
P. apacheanus Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929 ...............USA, Mexico, Cuba
P. ardens Peckham & Peckham, 1901 ...............USA, Mexico
P. arizonensis (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) ...............USA, Mexico
P. asotus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 ...............USA, Mexico
P. aureus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. bidentatus F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 ...............USA to Costa Rica
P. boei Edwards, 2004 ...............USA, Mexico
P. borealis Banks, 1895 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. californicus Peckham & Peckham, 1901 ...............North America
P. cardinalis (Hentz, 1845) ...............USA, Mexico, possibly Panama
P. carneus Peckham & Peckham, 1896 ...............USA, Mexico
P. carolinensis Peckham & Peckham, 1909 ...............USA, Mexico
P. clarus Keyserling, 1885 ...............North America
P. comatus Peckham & Peckham, 1901 ...............North America
P. concinnus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA
P. cryptus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA, Canada
P. felinus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. insignarius C. L. Koch, 1846 ...............USA
P. johnsoni (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) ...............North America
P. kastoni Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. lynceus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. morpheus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA, Mexico
P. mystaceus (Hentz, 1846) ...............USA
P. nikites Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 ...............USA, Mexico
P. octopunctatus (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) ...............USA, Mexico
P. olympus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. otiosus (Hentz, 1846) ...............USA
P. phoenix Edwards, 2004 ...............USA, Mexico
P. pius Scheffer, 1905 ...............USA to Costa Rica
P. princeps (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) ...............USA, Canada
P. pruinosus Peckham & Peckham, 1909 ...............USA
P. pulcherrimus Keyserling, 1885 ...............USA
P. purpuratus Keyserling, 1885 ...............USA, Canada
P. putnami (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) ...............USA
P. regius C. L. Koch, 1846 ...............USA, West Indies, Easter Island (introduced)
P. richmani Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. texanus Banks, 1906 ...............USA, Mexico
P. tigris Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. toro Edwards, 1978 ...............USA, Mexico
P. tux Pinter, 1970 ...............USA, Mexico
P. tyrannus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA, Mexico
P. tyrrelli Peckham & Peckham, 1901 ...............North America
P. ursulus Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. vexans Edwards, 2004 ...............USA
P. whitmani Peckham & Peckham, 1909 ...............USA, Canada
P. workmani Peckham & Peckham, 1901 ...............USA
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution