Nearctic States & Provinces: AB YT AZ CA CO CT IL MT NH OK SC WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
The Nearctic Spider Database, http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/32099
Xysticus triguttatus Keyserling, 1880
threebanded crab spider
FAMILY: THOMISIDAE Sundevall, 1833
Genus: Xysticus C. L. Koch, 1835
Species: Xysticus triguttatus Keyserling, 1880
Author of this page: Hancock, John (Page complete and awaiting review)
General Comments: This species is mostly ground dwelling, at night often hunts the field layers (Hancock, pers. obs.).
Common Names
Family Common Name:
crab spiders
Genus Common Name:
ground crab spiders
Species Common Name:
threebanded crab spider
Distribution
Global Distribution: USA, Canada
Nearctic States & Provinces:
AB YT AZ CA CO CT IL MT NH OK SC WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
ambushers
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
Grasslands, on herbs and shrubs (Dondale & Redner, 1978).
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Seasonality of Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Slowik, Joey
Credit: Hancock, John
Details About Males
Description:
Carapace dark-red to brown, with white V mark and dark area anterior to dorsal groove; posterior declivity with pair of dark spots. Legs brown or yellow, flecked with dark brown. Abdomen with pairs of brown areas separated by off-white lines. Distinctively flattened distal part of the embolus (Dondale & Redner, 1978).
Male Dimensions:
A+B = 3.25 mm
A = 2.05 mm
C = 1.96 mm
Image of External Male Genitalia:
Credit: Slowik, Joey
Details About Females
Description:
Carapace brown, with off-white V mark and dark lateral bands, posterior declivity with pair of dark spots. Legs brown or yellow, flecked with dark brown, leg IV darker. Abdomen with pairs of brown areas separated by yellow lines. Slender short copulatory tubes and lack of atrial extensions ti the epigynum (Dondale & Redner, 1978).
Female Dimensions:
A+B = 4 mm
A = 2.13 mm
C = 2.03 mm
Image of Epigynum:
Credit: Slowik, Joey
Descriptions Source:
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Xysticus triguttatus Keyserling 1880 |
| Xysticus feroculus Keyserling 1881 |
| Xysticus feroculus Banks 1892 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Emerton 1892 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Emerton 1902 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Comstock 1912 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Peelle & Saito 1933 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Gertsch 1939 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Chickering 1940 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Muma 1943 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Kaston 1948 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Saito 1959 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner 1965 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Dondale & Redner 1978 |
| Xysticus triguttatus Paquin & Dupérré 2003 |
Taxonomic References†
Banks, N. 1892. The spider fauna of the Upper Cayuga Lake Basin. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 1892: 11-81.
Chickering, A. M. 1940. The Thomisidae (crab spiders) of Michigan. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 25: 189-237.
Comstock, J. H. 1912. The spider book; a manual for the study of the spiders and their near relatives, the scorpions, pseudoscorpions, whipscorpions, harvestmen and other members of the class Arachnida, found in America north of Mexico, with analytical keys for their classification and popular accounts of their habits. Garden City, New York, pp. 1-721
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Emerton, J. H. 1902. The common spiders of the United States. Boston, pp. 1-225.
Emerton, J. H. 1892. New England spiders of the family Thomisidae. Trans. Connect. Acad. Arts Sci. 8: 359-381.
Gertsch, W. J. 1939. A revision of the typical crab spiders (Misumeninae) of America north of Mexico. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 76: 277-442.
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1-874.
Keyserling, E. 1881. Neue Spinnen aus Amerika. III. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 31: 269-314.
Keyserling, E. 1880. Die Spinnen Amerikas, I. Laterigradae. Nürnberg, 1: 1-283.
Muma, M. H. 1943. Common spiders of Maryland. Natural History Society of Maryland, Baltimore, 179 pp.
Paquin, P. & N. Dupérré. 2003. Guide d'identification des araignées de Québec. Fabreries, Suppl. 11 1-251.
Peelle, M. L. & S. Saito. 1933. Spiders from the southern Kurile Islands. II. Araneida from Shikotan. Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Zool. (6) 2: 109-123.
Saito, S. 1959. The Spider Book Illustrated in Colours. Hokuryukan, Tokyo, 194 pp.
Turnbull, A. L., C. D. Dondale & J. H. Redner. 1965. The spider genus Xysticus C. L. Koch (Araneae: Thomisidae) in Canada. Can. Ent. 97: 1233-1280.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/THOMISIDAE.html
Natural History References
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Xysticus C. L. Koch, 1835‡‡
X. acquiescens Emerton, 1919 ...............Holarctic
X. alboniger Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............USA, Canada
X. ampullatus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............USA, Canada
X. apachecus Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA
X. apalacheus Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. aprilinus Bryant, 1930 ...............USA
X. auctificus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. audax (Schrank, 1803) ...............Palearctic
X. banksi Bryant, 1933 ...............USA
X. benefactor Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. bicuspis Keyserling, 1887 ...............USA
X. bifasciatus C. L. Koch, 1837 ...............Palearctic
X. bonneti Denis, 1938 ...............Palearctic
X. britcheri Gertsch, 1934 ...............Russia, Alaska, Canada, USA
X. californicus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA
X. canadensis Gertsch, 1934 ...............Russia, USA, Canada
X. chaparralis Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. chippewa Gertsch, 1953 ...............Holarctic
X. cochise Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. coloradensis Bryant, 1930 ...............USA
X. concursus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA
X. cristatus (Clerck, 1757) ...............Palearctic
X. cunctator Thorell, 1877 ...............USA, Canada
X. deichmanni Sorensen, 1898 ...............Canada, Alaska, Greenland
X. discursans Keyserling, 1880 ...............North America
X. durus (Sorensen, 1898) ...............USA, Canada, Greenland
X. elegans Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
X. ellipticus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............USA, Canada
X. emertoni Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska, Slovakia to China
X. facetus O. P.-Cambridge, 1896 ...............Mexico to El Salvador
X. ferox (Hentz, 1847) ...............USA, Canada
X. ferrugineus Menge, 1876 ...............Palearctic
X. fervidus Gerstch, 1953 ...............USA, Canada
X. flavovittatus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA
X. floridanus Banks, 1896 ...............USA
X. fraternus Banks, 1895 ...............USA, Canada
X. funestus Keyserling, 1880 ...............North America
X. furtivus Gertsch, 1936 ...............USA
X. gallicus Simon, 1875 ...............Palearctic
X. gertschi Schick, 1965 ...............North America
X. gosiutus Gertsch, 1932 ...............USA, Canada
X. gulosus Keyserling, 1880 ...............North America
X. humilis Redner & Dondale, 1965 ...............USA
X. imitarius Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. indiligens (Walckenaer, 1837) ...............USA
X. iviei Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. iviei sierrensis Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. keyserlingi Bryant, 1930 ...............USA, Canada
X. labradorensis Keyserling, 1887 ...............Holarctic
X. lanio C. L. Koch, 1835 ...............Palearctic
X. lassanus Chamberlin, 1925 ...............USA, Mexico
X. laticeps Bryant, 1933 ...............USA, Cuba
X. lineatus (Westring, 1851) ...............Palearctic
X. locuples Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. luctans (C. L. Koch, 1845) ...............USA, Canada
X. luctator L. Koch, 1870 ...............Palearctic
X. luctuosus (Blackwall, 1836) ...............Holarctic
X. lutzi Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA, Mexico
X. montanensis Keyserling, 1887 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
X. nevadensis (Keyserling, 1880) ...............USA
X. nigromaculatus Keyserling, 1884 ...............USA, Canada
X. ninnii Thorell, 1872 ...............Palearctic
X. obscurus Collett, 1877 ...............Holarctic
X. ocala Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. ontariensis Emerton, 1919 ...............Canada
X. orizaba Banks, 1898 ...............Mexico
X. paiutus Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA, Mexico
X. pearcei Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. pellax O. P.-Cambridge, 1894 ...............North America
X. peninsulanus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA
X. posti Sauer, 1968 ...............USA
X. pretiosus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA, Canada
X. punctatus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. robinsoni Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA, Mexico
X. rockefelleri Gertsch, 1953 ...............Mexico
X. rugosus Buckle & Redner, 1964 ...............Russia, Canada, USA
X. sabulosus (Hahn, 1832) ...............Palearctic
X. sphericus (Walckenaer, 1837) ...............USA
X. striatipes L. Koch, 1870 ...............Palearctic
X. tampa Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. texanus Banks, 1904 ...............USA, Mexico
X. triangulosus Emerton, 1894 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
X. ulmi (Hahn, 1831) ...............Palearctic
X. variabilis Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA
X. viduus Kulczynski, 1898 ...............Palearctic
X. winnipegensis Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............Canada
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution
Page Reference:
Hancock, John. submitted. Taxonomic and natural history description of FAM: THOMISIDAE, Xysticus triguttatus Keyserling, 1880.
In: The Nearctic Spider Database. David P. Shorthouse (editor). World Wide Web electronic publication. Direct link: http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/32099 (Accessed: 10/7/2008 1:42:17 PM).
Author Email Address: spidermanjohn@shaw.ca
Text Last Modified: 2006-02-26T23:59:02Z