Nearctic States & Provinces: AB BC ON YT CO MT WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
The Nearctic Spider Database, http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/31879
Xysticus emertoni Keyserling, 1880
FAMILY: THOMISIDAE Sundevall, 1833
Genus: Xysticus C. L. Koch, 1835
Species: Xysticus emertoni Keyserling, 1880
Author of this page: Hancock, John (Page complete and awaiting review)
General Comments: Can often be found retreated in a green, curled leaf (Hancock, pers. obs.).
Common Names
Family Common Name:
crab spiders
Genus Common Name:
ground crab spiders
Species Common Name:
none
Distribution
Global Distribution: USA, Canada, Alaska, Slovakia to China
Nearctic States & Provinces:
AB BC ON YT CO MT WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
ambushers
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
Fields, meadows, bogs, on herbaceous plants (Dondale & Redner, 1978). Most often found in grasslands on the ground and its field layer, can be abundant in wet grasslands (Hancock, pers. obs.).
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Seasonality of Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Buckle, Don
Credit: Hancock, John
Details About Males
Description:
Carapace dark red-brown, flecked with off-white; pale median area enclosing large area of mottled pigment anterior to dorsal groove. Legs dark red-brown and off-white with yellow extremities. Dorsum of abdomen with red-brown areas separated by pale median band and transverse lines. Very long basal tegular apophysis (Dondale & Redner, 1978).
Male Dimensions:
A+B = 6.4 mm
A = 3.34 mm
C = 3.21 mm
Image of External Male Genitalia:
Credit: Hancock, John
Details About Females
Description:
Carapace pale red-brown, flecked with off-white; pale median area enclosing large area of mottled pigment anterior to dorsal groove. Legs red-brown and off-white with yellow extremities. Dorsum of abdomen with red-brown areas separated by pale median band and transverse lines. Rounded atrium and shallowly notched atrial ledge (Dondale & Redner, 1978).
Female Dimensions:
A+B = 7.8 mm
A = 3.86 mm
C = 3.54 mm
Image of Epigynum:
Credit: Hancock, John
Descriptions Source:
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Xysticus emertoni Keyserling 1880 |
| Xysticus excellens Kulczynski 1885 |
| Xysticus emertoni Banks 1913 |
| Xysticus excellens Schenkel 1930 |
| Xysticus excellens Schenkel 1931 |
| Xysticus emertoni Gertsch 1939 |
| Xysticus emertoni Chickering 1940 |
| Xysticus emertoni Comstock 1940 |
| Xysticus obscurus Tambs-Lyche 1942 |
| Xysticus emertoni Kaston 1948 |
| Xysticus dissimilis Zhu & Wang 1963 |
| Xysticus emertoni Turnbull, Dondale & Redner 1965 |
| Xysticus excellens Utochkin 1968 |
| Xysticus emertoni Holm 1973 |
| Xysticus emertoni Dondale & Redner 1978 |
| Xysticus emertoni Ono 1981 |
| Xysticus dissimilis Hu 1984 |
| Xysticus excellens Tang & Song 1988 |
| Xysticus excellens Izmailova 1989 |
| Xysticus emertoni Song & Zhu 1997 |
| Xysticus emertoni Song, Zhu & Chen 1999 |
| Xysticus emertoni Paquin & Dupérré 2003 |
Taxonomic References†
Banks, N. 1913. Notes on the types of some American spiders in European collections. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 65: 177-188.
Chickering, A. M. 1940. The Thomisidae (crab spiders) of Michigan. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 25: 189-237.
Comstock, J. H. 1940. The spider book, revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, xi + 727 pp.
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Gertsch, W. J. 1939. A revision of the typical crab spiders (Misumeninae) of America north of Mexico. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 76: 277-442.
Holm, Å. 1973. On the spiders collected during the Swedish expeditions to Novaya Zemlya and Yenisey in 1875 and 1876. Zoologica Scr. 2: 71-110.
Hu, J. L. 1984. The Chinese spiders collected from the fields and the forests. Tianjin Press of Science and Techniques, 482 pp.
Izmailova, M. V. 1989. [Fauna of Spiders of South Part of Eastern Siberia]. Irkutsk, State Univ. Publ., 184 pp.
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1-874.
Keyserling, E. 1880. Die Spinnen Amerikas, I. Laterigradae. Nürnberg, 1: 1-283.
Kulczynski, W. 1885. Araneae in Camtschadalia a Dre B. Dybowski collectae. Pam. Akad. umiej. Krakow 11: 1-60.
Ono, H. 1981. The distribution and phylogeny of the Japanese crab-spider Xysticus ephippiatus Simon, 1880 (Araneae: Thomisidae). Kishidaia 47: 69-75.
Paquin, P. & N. Dupérré. 2003. Guide d'identification des araignées de Québec. Fabreries, Suppl. 11 1-251.
Schenkel, E. 1931. Arachniden aus dem Sarekgebirge. In Naturwissenschafliche Untersuchungen des Sarekgebirges in Schwedisch-Lappland. Stockholm, Zool. 4: 949-980.
Schenkel, E. 1930. Die Araneiden der Schwedischen Kamtchatka-Expedition 1920-1922. Ark. Zool. 21(A15): 1-33.
Song, D. X. & M. S. Zhu. 1997. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Thomisidae, Philodromidae. Science Press, Beijing, viii + 259 pp.
Song, D. X., M. S. Zhu & J. Chen. 1999. The Spiders of China. Hebei Sci. Technol. Publ. House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp.
Tambs-Lyche, H. 1942. Notes on Norwegian spiders. Norsk ent. Tidsskr. 6: 107-114.
Tang, L. R. & D. X. Song. 1988. A revision of some thomisid spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae). Sinozool. 6: 137-140.
Turnbull, A. L., C. D. Dondale & J. H. Redner. 1965. The spider genus Xysticus C. L. Koch (Araneae: Thomisidae) in Canada. Can. Ent. 97: 1233-1280.
Utochkin, A. S. 1968. Pauki roda Xysticus faunii SSSR (Opredelitel'). Ed. Univ. Perm, pp. 1-73.
Zhu, C. D. & F. Z. Wang. 1963. [Thomisidae of China, I]. J. Jilin med. Univ. 5: 471-488.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/THOMISIDAE.html
Natural History References
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Xysticus C. L. Koch, 1835‡‡
X. acquiescens Emerton, 1919 ...............Holarctic
X. alboniger Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............USA, Canada
X. ampullatus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............USA, Canada
X. apachecus Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA
X. apalacheus Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. aprilinus Bryant, 1930 ...............USA
X. auctificus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. audax (Schrank, 1803) ...............Palearctic
X. banksi Bryant, 1933 ...............USA
X. benefactor Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. bicuspis Keyserling, 1887 ...............USA
X. bifasciatus C. L. Koch, 1837 ...............Palearctic
X. bonneti Denis, 1938 ...............Palearctic
X. britcheri Gertsch, 1934 ...............Russia, Alaska, Canada, USA
X. californicus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA
X. canadensis Gertsch, 1934 ...............Russia, USA, Canada
X. chaparralis Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. chippewa Gertsch, 1953 ...............Holarctic
X. cochise Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. coloradensis Bryant, 1930 ...............USA
X. concursus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA
X. cristatus (Clerck, 1757) ...............Palearctic
X. cunctator Thorell, 1877 ...............USA, Canada
X. deichmanni Sorensen, 1898 ...............Canada, Alaska, Greenland
X. discursans Keyserling, 1880 ...............North America
X. durus (Sorensen, 1898) ...............USA, Canada, Greenland
X. elegans Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
X. ellipticus Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............USA, Canada
X. facetus O. P.-Cambridge, 1896 ...............Mexico to El Salvador
X. ferox (Hentz, 1847) ...............USA, Canada
X. ferrugineus Menge, 1876 ...............Palearctic
X. fervidus Gerstch, 1953 ...............USA, Canada
X. flavovittatus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA
X. floridanus Banks, 1896 ...............USA
X. fraternus Banks, 1895 ...............USA, Canada
X. funestus Keyserling, 1880 ...............North America
X. furtivus Gertsch, 1936 ...............USA
X. gallicus Simon, 1875 ...............Palearctic
X. gertschi Schick, 1965 ...............North America
X. gosiutus Gertsch, 1932 ...............USA, Canada
X. gulosus Keyserling, 1880 ...............North America
X. humilis Redner & Dondale, 1965 ...............USA
X. imitarius Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. indiligens (Walckenaer, 1837) ...............USA
X. iviei Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. iviei sierrensis Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. keyserlingi Bryant, 1930 ...............USA, Canada
X. labradorensis Keyserling, 1887 ...............Holarctic
X. lanio C. L. Koch, 1835 ...............Palearctic
X. lassanus Chamberlin, 1925 ...............USA, Mexico
X. laticeps Bryant, 1933 ...............USA, Cuba
X. lineatus (Westring, 1851) ...............Palearctic
X. locuples Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. luctans (C. L. Koch, 1845) ...............USA, Canada
X. luctator L. Koch, 1870 ...............Palearctic
X. luctuosus (Blackwall, 1836) ...............Holarctic
X. lutzi Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA, Mexico
X. montanensis Keyserling, 1887 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
X. nevadensis (Keyserling, 1880) ...............USA
X. nigromaculatus Keyserling, 1884 ...............USA, Canada
X. ninnii Thorell, 1872 ...............Palearctic
X. obscurus Collett, 1877 ...............Holarctic
X. ocala Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. ontariensis Emerton, 1919 ...............Canada
X. orizaba Banks, 1898 ...............Mexico
X. paiutus Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA, Mexico
X. pearcei Schick, 1965 ...............USA
X. pellax O. P.-Cambridge, 1894 ...............North America
X. peninsulanus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA
X. posti Sauer, 1968 ...............USA
X. pretiosus Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA, Canada
X. punctatus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. robinsoni Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA, Mexico
X. rockefelleri Gertsch, 1953 ...............Mexico
X. rugosus Buckle & Redner, 1964 ...............Russia, Canada, USA
X. sabulosus (Hahn, 1832) ...............Palearctic
X. sphericus (Walckenaer, 1837) ...............USA
X. striatipes L. Koch, 1870 ...............Palearctic
X. tampa Gertsch, 1953 ...............USA
X. texanus Banks, 1904 ...............USA, Mexico
X. triangulosus Emerton, 1894 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
X. triguttatus Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA, Canada
X. ulmi (Hahn, 1831) ...............Palearctic
X. variabilis Keyserling, 1880 ...............USA
X. viduus Kulczynski, 1898 ...............Palearctic
X. winnipegensis Turnbull, Dondale & Redner, 1965 ...............Canada
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution
Page Reference:
Hancock, John. submitted. Taxonomic and natural history description of FAM: THOMISIDAE, Xysticus emertoni Keyserling, 1880.
In: The Nearctic Spider Database. David P. Shorthouse (editor). World Wide Web electronic publication. Direct link: http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/31879 (Accessed: 10/13/2008 1:19:12 PM).
Author Email Address: spidermanjohn@shaw.ca
Text Last Modified: 2006-02-26T19:24:26Z