Nearctic States & Provinces: AB ON YT CO MT NH PA WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
The Nearctic Spider Database, http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/30012
Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757)
FAMILY: PHILODROMIDAE Thorell, 1870
Genus: Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837
Species: Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757)
Author of this page: Shorthouse, David P. (Page complete and awaiting review)
General Comments: The known range of this species is Alaska to Nova Scotia, southward to California, Texas, and Virginia. It has also been collected in Europe, Asia, and North Africa (Dondale and Redner, 1978).
Common Names
Family Common Name:
running crab spiders
Genus Common Name:
none
Species Common Name:
none
Distribution
Global Distribution: Holarctic
Nearctic States & Provinces:
AB ON YT CO MT NH PA WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
ambushers
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
pine, fir, aspen forests, under stones, in grasses, low shrubs, meadows, orchards
Life & Natural History:
Specimens have been collected up to 2920 m in altitude (Dondale and Redner, 1978).
Seasonality of Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Wigney, Bev
Details About Males
Description:
Carapace spotted and streaked with red brown on a yellow background. Pale V-shaped marking anterior to dorsal groove. Indistinct dark longitudinal bands in lateral areas. Legs brown or red brown. Abdomen brown yellow, distinct heart mark, paired toothed marks (Dondale and Redner, 1978).
Male Dimensions:
A+B = 6 mm
A = 2.78 mm
C = 2.62 mm
Image of External Male Genitalia:
(image not yet available)
Details About Females
Description:
Carapace spotted and streaked with red brown on a yellow background. Pale V-shaped marking anterior to dorsal groove. Indistinct dark longitudinal bands in lateral areas. Legs brown or red brown. Abdomen brown yellow, distinct heart mark, paired toothed marks (Dondale and Redner, 1978).
Female Dimensions:
A+B = 8 mm
A = 3 mm
C = 2.79 mm
Image of Epigynum:
(image not yet available)
Descriptions Source:
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Araneus formicinus Clerck 1757 |
| Thanatus formicinus Clerck 1757 |
| Thanatus formicinus Clerck 1758 |
| Aranea formicina Olivier 1789 |
| Aranea rhomboica Walckenaer 1802 |
| Aranea testacea Panzer 1804 |
| Thomisus rhomboicus Walckenaer 1805 |
| Philodromus rhombiferens Audouin 1826 |
| Thomisus rhombiferens Walckenaer 1826 |
| Philodromus formicinus Sundevall 1833 |
| Thomisus rhomboicus Hahn 1833 |
| Thomisus rhomboicus Hahn 1836 |
| Thanatus formicinus C. L. Koch 1837 |
| Thomisus rhombiferens Walckenaer 1837 |
| Thanatus rhomboicus Ohlert 1867 |
| Thanatus formicinus Thorell 1872 |
| Philodromus formicinus Menge 1875 |
| Thanatus formicinus Becker 1882 |
| Thanatus lycosoides Emerton 1892 |
| Thanatus pictus Müller & Schenkel 1895 |
| Thanatus formicinus F. O. P.-Cambridge 1900 |
| Thanatus formicinus Bösenberg 1902 |
| Thanatus lycosoides Comstock 1912 |
| Thanatus formicinus Simon 1932 |
| Thanatus canadensis Gertsch 1933 |
| Thanatus lycosoides Gertsch 1933 |
| Thanatus formicinus Saito 1936 |
| Thanatus formicinus Chickering 1940 |
| Thanatus formicinus Tullgren 1944 |
| Thanatus formicinus Kaston 1948 |
| Thanatus formicinus Holm 1951 |
| Thanatus formicinus Locket & Millidge 1951 |
| Thanatus formicinus Yaginuma 1960 |
| Thanatus formicinus Zhu & Wang 1963 |
| Thanatus formicinus Dondale, Turnbull & Redner 1964 |
| Thanatus formicinus Schick 1965 |
| Thanatus formicinus Azheganova 1968 |
| Thanatus formicinus Holm 1968 |
| Thanatus formicinus Vilbaste 1969 |
| Thanatus formicinus Miller 1971 |
| Thanatus formicinus Tyschchenko 1971 |
| Thanatus formicinus Yaginuma 1971 |
| Thanatus formicinus Izmailova 1972 |
| Thanatus formicinus Dondale & Redner 1978 |
| Thanatus formicicus Qiu 1983 |
| Thanatus formicinus Song & Hubert 1983 |
| Thanatus formicinus Barrientos & Urones 1985 |
| Thanatus formicinus Roberts 1985 |
| Thanatus formicinus Zhang 1987 |
| Thanatus formicinus Izmailova 1989 |
| Thanatus formicinus Chen & Gao 1990 |
| Thanatus formicinus Heimer & Nentwig 1991 |
| Thanatus formicinus Breene et al. 1993 |
| Thanatus formicinus Zhao 1993 |
| Thanatus formicinus Roberts 1995 |
| Thanatus formicinus Logunov 1996 |
| Thanatus formicinus Mcheidze 1997 |
| Thanatus formicinus Roberts 1998 |
| Thanatus formicinus Lyakhov 2000 |
| Thanatus formicinus Szita & Samu 2000 |
| Thanatus formicinus Paquin & Dupérré 2003 |
| Thanatus formicinus Almquist 2006 |
Taxonomic References†
Almquist, S. 2006. Swedish Araneae, part 2--families Dictynidae to Salticidae. Insect Syst. Ecol., Suppl. 63: 285-601.
Audouin, V. 1826. Explication sommaire des planches d'arachnides de l'Egypte et de la Syrie publiées ... in "Description de l'Egypte...". Histoire Naturelle 1(4): 1-339 (arachnids, pp. 99-186).
Azheganova, N. S. 1968. Kratkii opredelitel' paukov (Aranei) lesnoi i lesostepnoi zony SSSR. Akademia Nauk SSSR, pp. 1-149.
Barrientos, J. A. & M. C. Urones. 1985. La colección de araneidos del Departamento de Zoología de la Universidad de Salamanca, V: arañas clubionoideas y tomisoideas. Boln Asoc. esp. Entomologia 9: 349-366.
Becker, L. 1882. Les Arachnides de Belgique. I. Ann. Mus. Roy. Hist. natur. Belg. 10: 1-246.
Bösenberg, W. 1902. Die Spinnen Deutschlands. II-IV. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 14: 97-384.
Breene, R. G., D. A. Dean, M. Nyffeler & G. B. Edwards. 1993. Biology, Predation Ecology, and Significance of Spiders in Texas Cotton Ecosystems with a Key to Species. Texas Agriculture Experiment Station, College Station, 115 pp.
Cambridge, F. O. P.-. 1900. Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. In Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology. London, 2: 89-192.
Chen, X. E. & J. C. Gao. 1990. The Sichuan farmland spiders in China. Sichuan Sci. Tech. Publ. House, Chengdu, 226 pp.
Chickering, A. M. 1940. The Thomisidae (crab spiders) of Michigan. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 25: 189-237.
Clerck, C. 1757. Svenska spindlar, uti sina hufvud-slågter indelte samt under några och sextio särskildte arter beskrefne och med illuminerade figurer uplyste. Stockholmiae, 154 pp.
Comstock, J. H. 1912. The spider book; a manual for the study of the spiders and their near relatives, the scorpions, pseudoscorpions, whipscorpions, harvestmen and other members of the class Arachnida, found in America north of Mexico, with analytical keys for their classification and popular accounts of their habits. Garden City, New York, pp. 1-721
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Dondale, C. D., A. L. Turnbull & J. H. Redner. 1964. Revision of the Nearctic species of Thanatus C. L. Koch (Araneae: Thomisidae). Can. Ent. 96: 636-656.
Emerton, J. H. 1892. New England spiders of the family Thomisidae. Trans. Connect. Acad. Arts Sci. 8: 359-381.
Gertsch, W. J. 1933. New genera and species of North American spiders. Amer. Mus. Novit. 636: 1-28.
Hahn, C. W. 1836. Monographie der Spinnen. Nürnberg, Heft 8, 1 p., 4 pls.
Hahn, C. W. 1833. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Erster Band, pp. 77-129; Zweite Band, pp. 1-16.
Heimer, S. & W. Nentwig. 1991. Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp.
Holm, Å. 1968. A contribution to the spider fauna of Sweden. Zool. Bidr. Upps. 37: 183-209.
Holm, Å. 1951. The mountain fauna of the Virihaure area in Swedish Lapland. Lunds Univ. Årssk. (N.F.) 46: 138-149.
Izmailova, M. V. 1989. [Fauna of Spiders of South Part of Eastern Siberia]. Irkutsk, State Univ. Publ., 184 pp.
Izmailova, M. V. 1972. Materialy po paukam Pribaikalya (soobshenie pervoe). In Khozyaistvennoe ispolzovanie i vosproizvodstvo okhotnichei fauny, ekologia zhivotnykh. Irkutsk, pp. 35-42.
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1-874.
Koch, C. L. 1837. Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Nürnberg, Heft 1, pp. 1-39.
Locket, G. H. & A. F. Millidge. 1951. British spiders. Ray Society, London, 1: 1-310.
Logunov, D. V. 1996. A critical review of the spider genera Apollophanes O. P.-Cambridge, 1898 and Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837 in North Asia (Araneae, Philodromidae). Rev. arachnol. 11: 133-202.
Lyakhov, O. V. 2000. Contribution to the Middle Asian fauna of the spider genus Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837 (Aranei: Philodromidae). Arthropoda Selecta 8: 221-230.
Mcheidze, T. S. 1997. [Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review]. Tbilisi Univ., 390 pp. (in Georgian).
Menge, A. 1875. Preussische Spinnen. VII. Abtheilung. Schrift. naturf. Ges. Danzig (N. F.) 3: 375-422.
Miller, F. 1971. Pavouci-Araneida. Klíc zvíreny CSSR 4: 51-306.
Müller, F. & E. Schenkel. 1895. Verzeichnis der Spinnen von Basel und Umgebegend. Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 10: 691-824.
Ohlert, E. 1867. Die Araneiden oder echten Spinnen der Provinz Preussen. Leipzig, pp. 1-172.
Olivier G., A. 1789. Araignée, Aranea. Encycl. méth. Hist. nat. Ins. Paris 4: 173-240.
Panzer, G. W. F. 1804. Systematische Nomenklatur über weiland Herrn Dr. Jacob Christian Schäffers natürlich ausgemahlte Abbildungen regensburgischer Insekten. In Herrich-Schäffer, J. C. (ed.), Icones insectorum ratisbonensium, Editio nova. Erlangen, 4: 1-260.
Paquin, P. & N. Dupérré. 2003. Guide d'identification des araignées de Québec. Fabreries, Suppl. 11 1-251.
Qiu, Q. H. 1983. [The studies of Shaanxi spiders (III)]. Shaanxi Prov. zool. Assoc. Dissert. Anthol. 1980-1982: 89-102.
Roberts, M. J. 1998. Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1985. The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1: Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. Harley Books, Colchester, England.
Saito, S. 1936. Arachnida of Jehol. Araneida. Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manchoukuo (Sect. 5; Div. 1) 3: 1-88.
Schick, R. X. 1965. The crab spiders of California (Araneae, Thomisidae). Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 129: 1-180.
Simon, E. 1932. Les arachnides de France. Tome VI. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae; 4e partie. Paris, 6: 773-978.
Song, D. X. & M. Hubert. 1983. A redescription of the spiders of Beijing described by E. Simon in 1880. J. Huizhou Teachers Coll. 1983(2): 1-23.
Sundevall, J. C. 1833. Svenska spindlarnes beskrifning. Fortsättning och slut. Kongl. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. 1832: 172-272.
Szita, É. & F. Samu. 2000. Taxonomical review of Thanatus species (Philodromidae, Araneae) of Hungary. Acta Zool. Acad. Sci. Hung. 46: 155-179.
Thorell, T. 1872. Remarks on synonyms of European spiders. Part III. Upsala, pp. 229-374.
Tullgren, A. 1944. Svensk Spindelfauna. 3. Araneae (Salticidae, Thomisidae, Philodromidae och Eusparassidae). Stockholm, pp. 1-108.
Tyschchenko, V. P. 1971. Opredelitel' paukov evropejskoj casti SSSR. Leningrad, pp. 1-281.
Vilbaste, A. 1969. Eesti Žmblikud I. Krabiämbliklased (Xysticidae), Jooksikämbliklased (Philodromidae) ja Hüpikämbliklased (Salticidae). Zooloogia ja Botaanika Instituut, Tallinn, pp. 1-224.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1837. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Aptères. Paris, 1: 1-682.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1826. Aranéides. In Faune française ou histoire naturelle générale et particulière des animaux qui se trouvent en France, constamment ou passagèrement, à la surface du sol, dans les eaux qui le baignent et dans le littoral des mers qui le bornent par Viellot, Desmarrey, Ducrotoy, Audinet, Lepelletier et Walckenaer. Paris, livr. 11-12: 1-96.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1805. Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. Paris, 88 pp.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1802. Faune parisienne. Insectes. ou Histoire abrégée des insectes de environs de Paris. Paris 2: 187-250.
Yaginuma, T. 1971. Spiders of Japan in colour (enlarged and revised edition). Hoikusha, Osaka, 197 pp.
Yaginuma, T. 1960. Spiders of Japan in colour. Hoikusha, Osaka, 186 pp.
Zhang, W. S. (ed.). 1987. [Farm spiders from Hubei Province]. Hubei Sci. Tech. Press, 299 pp.
Zhao, J. Z. 1993. Spiders in the Cotton Fields in China. Wuhan Publishing House, Wuhan, China, 552 pp.
Zhu, C. D. & F. Z. Wang. 1963. [Thomisidae of China, I]. J. Jilin med. Univ. 5: 471-488.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/PHILODROMIDAE.html
Natural History References
Dondale, C. D. & J. H. Redner. 1978. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 5. The crab spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Philodromidae and Thomisidae. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1663: 1-255.
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837‡‡
T. altimontis Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA
T. arcticus Thorell, 1872 ...............Holarctic
T. atratus Simon, 1875 ...............Palearctic
T. bungei (Kulczynski, 1908) ...............Russia, North America
T. coloradensis Keyserling, 1880 ...............Holarctic
T. pictus L. Koch, 1881 ...............Palearctic
T. rubicellus Mello-Leitao, 1929 ...............USA, Canada
T. sabulosus (Menge, 1875) ...............Palearctic
T. striatus C. L. Koch, 1845 ...............Holarctic
T. vulgaris Simon, 1870 ...............Holarctic
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution
Page Reference:
Shorthouse, David P. submitted. Taxonomic and natural history description of FAM: PHILODROMIDAE, Thanatus formicinus (Clerck, 1757).
In: The Nearctic Spider Database. David P. Shorthouse (editor). World Wide Web electronic publication. Direct link: http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/30012 (Accessed: 10/7/2008 5:49:31 PM).
Author Email Address: dshorthouse@eol.org
Text Last Modified: 2006-03-06T05:14:28Z