Nearctic States & Provinces: AB ON YT CO MT NH OK PA SC WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
The Nearctic Spider Database, http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/27360
Haplodrassus signifer (C. L. Koch, 1839)
FAMILY: GNAPHOSIDAE Pocock, 1898
Genus: Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922
Species: Haplodrassus signifer (C. L. Koch, 1839)
Author of this page: Shorthouse, David P. (Page is in progress)
Common Names
Family Common Name:
stealthy ground spiders
Genus Common Name:
none
Species Common Name:
none
Distribution
Global Distribution: Holarctic
Nearctic States & Provinces:
AB ON YT CO MT NH OK PA SC WY
Collection Locales Mapped by Year Collected:
Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
ground runners
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
under stones, logs, ground debris, grassland and wheat fields, salt marshes, deciduous and coniferous forests, in association with ephedra, sagebrush, and sphagnum (Platnick & Dondale, 1992).
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Seasonality of Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
(images not yet available)
Details About Males
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Male Dimensions:
A+B = 6.51 mm
A = 2.9 mm
C = 2.26 mm
Image of External Male Genitalia:
(image not yet available)
Details About Females
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Female Dimensions:
A+B = 7.18 mm
A = 2.84 mm
C = 2.2 mm
Image of Epigynum:
(image not yet available)
Descriptions Source:
Platnick, N. I. & C. D. Dondale. 1992. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 19. The ground spiders of Canada and Alaska (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1875: 1-297.
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Drassus signifer C. L. Koch 1839 |
| Drassus troglodytes C. L. Koch 1839 |
| Haplodrassus signifer C. L. Koch 1839 |
| Clubiona troglodytes Walckenaer 1842 |
| Drassus clavator O. P.-Cambridge 1860 |
| Drassus clavator Blackwall 1861 |
| Drassus troglodytes L. Koch 1866 |
| Drassus troglodytes Menge 1875 |
| Drassus robustus Emerton 1890 |
| Drassus mysticus O. P.-Cambridge 1894 |
| Teminius nigriceps Banks 1895 |
| Drassus placidus Banks 1896 |
| Drassus troglodytes Becker 1896 |
| Drassus troglodytes Chyzer & Kulczynski 1897 |
| Drassodes ferrum-equinum F. O. P.-Cambridge 1899 |
| Prosthesima decepta Banks 1900 |
| Drassus troglodytes Bösenberg 1902 |
| Drassodes robustus Bryant 1908 |
| Drassodes troglodytes Lessert 1910 |
| Syrisca nigriceps Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Zelotes decepta Petrunkevitch 1911 |
| Drassodes signifer Comstock 1912 |
| Drassodes troglodytes Simon 1914 |
| Drassodes beaufortensis Strand 1916 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Chamberlin 1922 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Reimoser 1937 |
| Haplodrassus dystactus Chamberlin & Gertsch 1940 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Comstock 1940 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Palmgren 1943 |
| Drassodes signifer Braendegaard 1946 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Tullgren 1946 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Kaston 1948 |
| Drassodes signifer Locket & Millidge 1951 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Braendegaard 1966 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Miller 1971 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Tyschchenko 1971 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Platnick & Shadab 1975 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Miller & Buchar 1977 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Paik 1978 |
| Drassodes signifer Jia & Zhu 1983 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Thaler 1984 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Grimm 1985 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Roberts 1985 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Heiss & Allen 1986 |
| Haplodrassus aeneus Hu & Li 1987 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Izmailova 1989 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Heimer & Nentwig 1991 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Noordam 1992 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Paik 1992 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Platnick & Dondale 1992 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Roberts 1995 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Agnarsson 1996 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Marusik, Hippa & Koponen 1996 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Ovtsharenko & Marusik 1996 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Bellmann 1997 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Mcheidze 1997 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Roberts 1998 |
| Drassodes signifer Hu 2001 |
| Haplodrassus aeneus Hu 2001 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas 2002 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Paquin & Dupérré 2003 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Levy 2004 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Song, Zhu & Zhang 2004 |
| Haplodrassus signifer Almquist 2006 |
Taxonomic References†
Agnarsson, I. 1996. Íslenskar köngulaer. Fjölrit Nàttùrufraedistofnunar 31: 1-175.
Almquist, S. 2006. Swedish Araneae, part 2--families Dictynidae to Salticidae. Insect Syst. Ecol., Suppl. 63: 285-601.
Banks, N. 1900. Some Arachnida from Alabama. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 52: 529-543.
Banks, N. 1896. New North American spiders and mites. Trans. Amer. ent. Soc. 23: 57-77.
Banks, N. 1895. The Arachnida of Colorado. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 8: 415-434.
Becker, L. 1896. Les arachnides de Belgique. Ann. Mus. Roy. Hist. nat. Belg. 12: 1-3788.
Bellmann, H. 1997. Kosmos-Atlas Spinnentiere Europas. Frankh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart, 304 pp.
Blackwall, J. 1861. A history of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1: 1-174.
Bösenberg, W. 1902. Die Spinnen Deutschlands. II-IV. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 14: 97-384.
Braendegaard, J. 1966. Edderkopper: Eller Spindlere I. Danmarks Fauna 72: 1-224.
Braendegaard, J. 1946. The spiders (Araneina) of East Greenland: A faunistic and zoogeographical investigation. Meddr Grønland 121(15): 1-128.
Bryant, E. B. 1908. List of the Araneina. In Fauna of New England, 9. Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. nat. Hist. 7: 1-105.
Cambridge, F. O. P.-. 1899. Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones. In Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology. London, 2: 41-88.
Cambridge, O. P.-. 1894. On new and rare British spiders found in 1893; with rectifications of synonyms. Proc. Dorset nat. Hist Field Club 15: 103-116.
Cambridge, O. P.-. 1860. Descriptions of two British spiders new to science. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 5: 171-174.
Chamberlin, R. V. 1922. The North American spiders of the family Gnaphosidae. Proc. biol. Soc. Wash. 35: 145-172.
Chamberlin, R. V. & W. J. Gertsch. 1940. Descriptions of new Gnaphosidae from the United States. Amer. Mus. Novit. 1068: 1-19.
Chatzaki, M., K. Thaler & M. Mylonas. 2002. Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneae) of Crete (Greece). Taxonomy and distribution. I. Rev. suisse Zool. 109: 559-601.
Chyzer, C. & W. Kulczynski. 1897. Araneae hungariae. Budapest, 2: 151-366.
Comstock, J. H. 1940. The spider book, revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, xi + 727 pp.
Comstock, J. H. 1912. The spider book; a manual for the study of the spiders and their near relatives, the scorpions, pseudoscorpions, whipscorpions, harvestmen and other members of the class Arachnida, found in America north of Mexico, with analytical keys for their classification and popular accounts of their habits. Garden City, New York, pp. 1-721
Emerton, J. H. 1890. New England spiders of the families Drassidae, Agalenidae and Dysderidae. Trans. Connect. Acad. Arts Sci. 8: 166-206.
Grimm, U. 1985. Die Gnaphosidae Mitteleuropas (Arachnida, Araneae). Abh. naturw. Ver. Hamb. 26: 1-318.
Heimer, S. & W. Nentwig. 1991. Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp.
Heiss, J. S. & R. T. Allen. 1986. The Gnaphosidae of Arkansas. Bull. Ark. agric. Exp. Stn 885: 1-67.
Hu, J. L. 2001. Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, 658 pp.
Izmailova, M. V. 1989. [Fauna of Spiders of South Part of Eastern Siberia]. Irkutsk, State Univ. Publ., 184 pp.
Jia, L. D. & C. D. Zhu. 1983. [New record of spider of the genus Drassodes from Hui Autonomous Region of Ningxia, China (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)]. J. Bethune med. Univ. 9(suppl.): 167.
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. St. geol. nat. Hist. Surv. 70: 1-874.
Koch, C. L. 1839. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Funfter Band, pp. 125-158, Sechster Band, pp. 1-156, Siebenter Band, pp. 1-106.
Koch, L. 1866. Die Arachniden-Familie der Drassiden. Nürnberg, Hefte 1-6, pp. 1-304.
Lessert, R. de. 1910. Catalogue des invertebres de la Suisse. Fasc. 3, Araignées. Musée d'histoire naturelle de Genève, pp. 1-635.
Levy, G. 2004. Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel J. Zool. 50: 1-37.
Locket, G. H. & A. F. Millidge. 1951. British spiders. Ray Society, London, 1: 1-310.
Marusik, Y. M., H. Hippa & S. Koponen. 1996. Spiders (Araneae) from the Altai area, southern Siberia. Acta Zool. Fennica 201: 11-45.
Mcheidze, T. S. 1997. [Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review]. Tbilisi Univ., 390 pp. (in Georgian).
Menge, A. 1875. Preussische Spinnen. VII. Abtheilung. Schrift. naturf. Ges. Danzig (N. F.) 3: 375-422.
Miller, F. 1971. Pavouci-Araneida. Klíc zvíreny CSSR 4: 51-306.
Miller, F. & J. Buchar. 1977. Neue Spinnenarten aus der Gattung Zelotes Distel [sic] und Haplodrassus Chamberlin (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Acta Univ. Carol. (Biol.) 1974: 157-171.
Noordam, A. P. 1992. Gnaphosidae (Araneae) of the Netherlands, drawings, some notes, and some thoughts about ant-mimicry. Published by the author, Groenesteeg 104, 2312 SR Leiden, Netherlands.
Ovtsharenko, V. I. & Y. M. Marusik. 1996. Additional data on the spiders of the family Gnaphosidae (Aranei) of the north-east of Asia. In ntomological Studies in the North-East of the USSR. USSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Vladivostok, pp. 114-130 (
Paik, K. Y. 1992. Korean spiders of the genus Haplodrassus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) II. Korean Arachnol. 8: 85-93.
Paik, K. Y. 1978. Araneae. Illustr. Fauna Flora Korea 21: 1-548.
Palmgren, P. 1943. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands II. Act. zool. Fennica 36: 1-115.
Paquin, P. & N. Dupérré. 2003. Guide d'identification des araignées de Québec. Fabreries, Suppl. 11 1-251.
Petrunkevitch, A. 1911. A synonymic index-catalogue of spiders of North, Central and South America with all adjacent islands, Greeland, Bermuda, West Indies, Terra del Fuego, Galapagos, etc. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 29: 1-791.
Platnick, N. I. & C. D. Dondale. 1992. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 19. The ground spiders of Canada and Alaska (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1875: 1-297.
Platnick, N. I. & M. U. Shadab. 1975. A revision of the spider genera Haplodrassus and Orodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in North America. Am. Mus. Novit. 2583: 1-40.
Reimoser, E. 1937. Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea. VII. Gnaphosidae oder Plattbauchspinnen. In Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Jena, 33(16): 1-41.
Roberts, M. J. 1998. Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1985. The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1: Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. Harley Books, Colchester, England.
Simon, E. 1914. Les arachnides de France. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae; 1re partie. Paris, 6: 1-308.
Song, D. X., M. S. Zhu & F. Zhang. 2004. Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 39: Arachnida: Araneae: Gnaphosidae. Science Press, Beijing, ix + 362 pp.
Strand, E. 1916. Systematische-faunistiche Studien über paläarktische, afrikanische und amerikanische Spinnen des Senckenbergischen Museums. Arch. Naturg. 81(A9): 1-153.
Thaler, K. 1984. Haplodrassus aenus n. sp. aus Österreich und der Schweiz (Arachnida: Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges. 57: 189-193.
Tullgren, A. 1946. Svenska spindelfauna: 3. Egentliga spindlar. Araneae. Fam. 5-7. Clubionidae, Zoridae och Gnaphosidae. Entomologiska Föreningen, Stockholm, 141 pp.
Tyschchenko, V. P. 1971. Opredelitel' paukov evropejskoj casti SSSR. Leningrad, pp. 1-281.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1842. Histoire naturelle des Insects. Aptères. Paris, 2: 1-549.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/GNAPHOSIDAE.html
Natural History References
Platnick, N. I. & C. D. Dondale. 1992. The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 19. The ground spiders of Canada and Alaska (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Publ. 1875: 1-297.
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922‡‡
H. aenus Thaler, 1984 ...............Switzerland, Austria
H. bicornis (Emerton, 1909) ...............USA, Canada
H. chamberlini Platnick & Shadab, 1975 ...............North America
H. cognatus (Westring, 1861) ...............Palearctic
H. dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866) ...............Palearctic
H. dixiensis Chamberlin & Woodbury, 1929 ...............USA
H. eunis Chamberlin, 1922 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
H. hiemalis (Emerton, 1909) ...............Holarctic
H. kulczynskii Lohmander, 1942 ...............Palearctic
H. maculatus (Banks, 1904) ...............USA, Mexico
H. mimus Chamberlin, 1922 ...............USA
H. moderatus (Kulczynski, 1897) ...............Palearctic
H. pugnans (Simon, 1880) ...............Palearctic
H. silvestris (Blackwall, 1833) ...............Palearctic
H. soerenseni (Strand, 1900) ...............Palearctic
H. taibo (Chamberlin, 1919) ...............USA
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution
Page Reference:
Shorthouse, David P. in prep. Taxonomic and natural history description of FAM: GNAPHOSIDAE, Haplodrassus signifer (C. L. Koch, 1839).
In: The Nearctic Spider Database. David P. Shorthouse (editor). World Wide Web electronic publication. Direct link: http://www.canadianarachnology.org/data/spiders/27360 (Accessed: 10/7/2008 2:33:59 PM).
Author Email Address: dshorthouse@eol.org
Text Last Modified: 2006-03-15T18:32:13Z