Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
(not yet recorded or unknown)
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Gabriel, Guido
Details About Males
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image of External Male Genitalia:
(image not yet available)
Details About Females
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image of Epigynum:
(image not yet available)
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Macaria festiva C. L. Koch 1835 |
| Phrurolithus festivus C. L. Koch 1835 |
| Phrurolithus festivus C. L. Koch 1839 |
| Drassus propinquus Blackwall 1854 |
| Drassus propinquus Blackwall 1861 |
| Phrurolithum festivum Simon 1864 |
| Phrurolithus festivus L. Koch 1866 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Thorell 1871 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Menge 1873 |
| Micariosoma festivum Simon 1878 |
| Liocranum celer O. P.-Cambridge 1879 |
| Agroeca celer O. P.-Cambridge 1893 |
| Micariosoma festivum Becker 1896 |
| Micariosoma festivum Simon 1897 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Chyzer & Kulczynski 1897 |
| Agroeca celer O. P.-Cambridge 1902 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Bösenberg 1902 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Lessert 1910 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Pereleschina 1928 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Simon 1932 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Reimoser 1937 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Palmgren 1943 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Tullgren 1946 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Locket & Millidge 1951 |
| Scotina celer Roewer 1955 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Braendegaard 1966 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Wiehle 1967 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Job 1968 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Miller 1971 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Tyschchenko 1971 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Roberts 1985 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Sterghiu 1985 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Grimm 1986 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Heimer & Nentwig 1991 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Roberts 1995 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Mcheidze 1997 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Roberts 1998 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Danilov 1999 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Krumpalova 1999 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Song, Zhu & Chen 1999 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Song, Zhu & Chen 2001 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Kamura 2004 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Almquist 2006 |
| Phrurolithus festivus Marusik & Crawford 2006 |
Taxonomic References†
Almquist, S. 2006. Swedish Araneae, part 2--families Dictynidae to Salticidae. Insect Syst. Ecol., Suppl. 63: 285-601.
Becker, L. 1896. Les arachnides de Belgique. Ann. Mus. Roy. Hist. nat. Belg. 12: 1-3788.
Blackwall, J. 1861. A history of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1: 1-174.
Blackwall, J. 1854. Descriptions of some newly discovered species of Araneida. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (2) 13: 173-180.
Bösenberg, W. 1902. Die Spinnen Deutschlands. II-IV. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 14: 97-384.
Braendegaard, J. 1966. Edderkopper: Eller Spindlere I. Danmarks Fauna 72: 1-224.
Cambridge, O. P.-. 1902. On new and rare British Arachnida. Proc. Dorset nat. Hist. Field Club 23: 16-40.
Cambridge, O. P.-. 1893. On new and rare British spiders. Proc. Dorset nat. Hist. Field Club 14: 142-164.
Cambridge, O. P.-. 1879. The spiders of Dorset. Araneidea. Proc. Dorset Nat. Hist Field Club 1: 1-235.
Chyzer, C. & W. Kulczynski. 1897. Araneae hungariae. Budapest, 2: 151-366.
Danilov, S. N. 1999. The spider family Liocranidae in Siberia and Far East (Aranei). Arthropoda Selecta 7: 313-317.
Grimm, U. 1986. Die Clubionidae Mitteleuropas: Corinninae und Liocraninae (Arachnida, Araneae). Abh. naturw. Ver. Hamb. 27: 1-91.
Heimer, S. & W. Nentwig. 1991. Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp.
Job, W. 1968. Zur Spinnenfauna Deutschlands, III. Revision einiger Phrurolithus-Arten (Arachnida: Araneae: Clubionidae). Senckenberg. biol. 49: 399-401.
Kamura, T. 2004. Some taxonomic notes on Japanese spiders of the families Gnaphosidae and Liocranidae. Faculty Humanics Rev. Otemon Gakuin Univ. 16: 41-51.
Koch, C. L. 1839. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Funfter Band, pp. 125-158, Sechster Band, pp. 1-156, Siebenter Band, pp. 1-106.
Koch, C. L. 1835. Arachniden. In Herrich-Schäffer, G. A. W., Deutschlands Insekten. Heft 128-133.
Koch, L. 1866. Die Arachniden-Familie der Drassiden. Nürnberg, Hefte 1-6, pp. 1-304.
Krumpalova, Z. 1999. A case of gynandromorph spider (Araneae, Liocranidae) in Slovakia. Rev. arachnol. 13: 61-67.
Lessert, R. de. 1910. Catalogue des invertebres de la Suisse. Fasc. 3, Araignées. Musée d'histoire naturelle de Genève, pp. 1-635.
Locket, G. H. & A. F. Millidge. 1951. British spiders. Ray Society, London, 1: 1-310.
Marusik, Y. M. & R. L. Crawford. 2006. Spiders (Aranei) of Moneron Island. In Flora and Fauna of Moneron Island. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, pp. 171-195.
Mcheidze, T. S. 1997. [Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review]. Tbilisi Univ., 390 pp. (in Georgian).
Menge, A. 1873. Preussische Spinnen. VI. Abtheilung. Schrift. naturf. Ges. Danzig (N. F.) 3: 327-374.
Miller, F. 1971. Pavouci-Araneida. Klíc zvíreny CSSR 4: 51-306.
Palmgren, P. 1943. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands II. Act. zool. Fennica 36: 1-115.
Pereleschina, V. I. 1928. Faouna paoukow okriestnostie‹ Boltchewdko‹ biologhitschesko‹ stantzii. Zap. biol. st. obtch. Boltchwei 2: 1-74.
Reimoser, E. 1937. Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea. VII. Gnaphosidae oder Plattbauchspinnen. In Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Jena, 33(16): 1-41.
Roberts, M. J. 1998. Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1985. The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1: Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. Harley Books, Colchester, England.
Roewer, C. F. 1955. Katalog der Araneen von 1758 bis 1940, bzw. 1954. Bruxelles, 2: 1-1751.
Simon, E. 1932. Les arachnides de France. Tome VI. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae; 4e partie. Paris, 6: 773-978.
Simon, E. 1897. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris, 2: 1-192.
Simon, E. 1878. Les arachnides de France. Paris, 4: 1-334.
Simon, E. 1864. Histoire naturelle des araignées (aranéides). Paris, pp. 1-540.
Song, D. X., M. S. Zhu & J. Chen. 2001. The Fauna of Hebei, China: Araneae. Hebei Science Technol. Publ. House, 510 pp.
Song, D. X., M. S. Zhu & J. Chen. 1999. The Spiders of China. Hebei Sci. Technol. Publ. House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp.
Sterghiu, C. 1985. Fam. Clubionidae. In Fauna Republicii Socialiste România: Arachnida, Volumul V, Fascicula 4. Academia Republicii Socialiste România, Bucharest.
Thorell, T. 1871. Remarks on synonyms of European spiders. Part II. Uppsala, pp. 97-228.
Tullgren, A. 1946. Svenska spindelfauna: 3. Egentliga spindlar. Araneae. Fam. 5-7. Clubionidae, Zoridae och Gnaphosidae. Entomologiska Föreningen, Stockholm, 141 pp.
Tyschchenko, V. P. 1971. Opredelitel' paukov evropejskoj casti SSSR. Leningrad, pp. 1-281.
Wiehle, H. 1967. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der deutschen Spinnenfauna, V. (Arach., Araneae). Senckenberg. biol. 48: 1-36.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/CORINNIDAE.html
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Phrurolithus C. L. Koch, 1839‡‡
P. absurdus Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. aemulatus Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. alatus Ivie & Barrows, 1935 ...............USA
P. apacheus Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. apertus Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA
P. banksi Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. callidus Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA
P. camawhitae Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA
P. catalinius Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. concisus Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. connectus Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. dolius Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 ...............USA
P. duncani (Chamberlin, 1925) ...............USA
P. emertoni Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA
P. goodnighti Muma, 1945 ...............USA
P. kastoni Schenkel, 1950 ...............USA
P. kentuckyensis Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1930 ...............USA
P. leviculus Gertsch, 1936 ...............USA
P. minimus C. L. Koch, 1839 ...............Palearctic
P. oabus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 ...............USA
P. paludivagus Bishop & Crosby, 1926 ...............USA
P. parcus (Hentz, 1847) ...............USA
P. pinturus Ivie & Barrows, 1935 ...............USA
P. pipensis Muma, 1945 ...............USA
P. schwarzi Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. similis Banks, 1895 ...............USA
P. singulus Gertsch, 1941 ...............USA
P. umbratilis Bishop & Crosby, 1926 ...............USA
P. wallacei Gertsch, 1935 ...............USA
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution