Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:‡
ground runners
‡Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280.
Recorded Habitats:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Life & Natural History:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image(s) of Habitus:
Credit: Nieuwenhuys, Ed
Details About Males
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image of External Male Genitalia:
(image not yet available)
Details About Females
Description:
(not yet recorded or unknown)
Image of Epigynum:
(image not yet available)
Synonyms and Chresonyms†
| Araneus monticola Clerck 1757 |
| Pardosa monticola Clerck 1757 |
| Pardosa monticola Clerck 1758 |
| Lycosa monticola Sundevall 1833 |
| Lycosa paludosa Hahn 1833 |
| Lycosa exigua Blackwall 1836 |
| Lycosa saccigera Walckenaer 1837 |
| Lycosa solers Walckenaer 1837 |
| Leimonia pullata C. L. Koch 1850 |
| Lycosa exigua Blackwall 1861 |
| Lycosa monticola Westring 1861 |
| Leimonia solers Simon 1864 |
| Lycosa monticola Thorell 1872 |
| Pardosa monticola Simon 1876 |
| Lycosa monticola Menge 1879 |
| Pardosa monticola Becker 1882 |
| Pardosa monticola F. O. P.-Cambridge 1895 |
| Lycosa agrestis Bösenberg 1903 |
| Lycosa monticola Bösenberg 1903 |
| Lycosa monticola Smith 1907 |
| Lycosa monticola Dahl 1908 |
| Lycosa monticola Kulczynski 1909 |
| Lycosa monticola Dahl & Dahl 1927 |
| Lycosa monticola Saito 1934 |
| Lycosa monticola Kratochvíl 1935 |
| Pardosa monticola Simon 1937 |
| Lycosa monticola Holm 1947 |
| Lycosa monticola Locket & Millidge 1951 |
| Lycosa monticola Knülle 1954 |
| Lycosa monticola Muller 1955 |
| Lycosa monticola Saito 1959 |
| Pardosa monticola Wiebes 1959 |
| Pardosa monticola Tongiorgi 1966 |
| Pardosa monticola Azheganova 1971 |
| Pardosa monticola Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971 |
| Pardosa monticola Miller 1971 |
| Pardosa monticola Loksa 1972 |
| Pardosa monticola Locket, Millidge & Merrett 1974 |
| Pardosa monticola Zyuzin 1979 |
| Pardosa monticola Barrientos 1985 |
| Pardosa monticola Roberts 1985 |
| Pardosa monticola Zyuzin 1985 |
| Pardosa monticola Hu & Wu 1989 |
| Pardosa monticola Heimer & Nentwig 1991 |
| Pardosa monticala Zhao 1993 |
| Pardosa monticola Roberts 1995 |
| Pardosa monticola Bellmann 1997 |
| Pardosa monticola Mcheidze 1997 |
| Pardosa monticola Yin et al. 1997 |
| Pardosa monticola Roberts 1998 |
| Pardosa monticola Pirchegger & Thaler 1999 |
| Pardosa monticola Song, Zhu & Chen 1999 |
| Pardosa monticola Hu 2001 |
| Pardosa monticola Almquist 2005 |
Taxonomic References†
Almquist, S. 2005. Swedish Araneae, part 1: families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded). Insect Syst. Ecol., Suppl. 62: 1-284.
Azheganova, N. S. 1971. Pauki-volki (Lycosidae): Permskoi oblasti. Perm, Ministerstvo prosveshcheniya RSFSR, pp. 1-21.
Barrientos, J. A. 1985. Arañas, fenologia reproductora, y trampas de intercepcion. Actas Congr. Ibérico Ent. 2: 317-326.
Becker, L. 1882. Les Arachnides de Belgique. I. Ann. Mus. Roy. Hist. natur. Belg. 10: 1-246.
Bellmann, H. 1997. Kosmos-Atlas Spinnentiere Europas. Frankh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart, 304 pp.
Blackwall, J. 1861. A history of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1: 1-174.
Blackwall, J. 1836. Characters of some undescribed species of Araneidae. Lond. Edinb. Phil. Mag. J. Sci. (3) 8: 481-491.
Bösenberg, W. 1903. Die Spinnen Deutschlands. V, VI. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 14: 385-465.
Cambridge, F. O. P.-. 1895. Notes on British spiders, with descriptions of new species. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 15: 25-41.
Clerck, C. 1757. Svenska spindlar, uti sina hufvud-slågter indelte samt under några och sextio särskildte arter beskrefne och med illuminerade figurer uplyste. Stockholmiae, 154 pp.
Dahl, F. 1908. Die Lycosiden oder Wolfsspinnen Deutschlands und ihre Stellung im Haushalt der Natur. Nach statistichen Untersuchungen dargestellt. Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leopold.-Carol. 88: 175-678.
Dahl, F. & M. Dahl. 1927. Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea. Lycosidae s. lat. (Wolfspinnen im weiteren Sinne). In Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Jena, 5: 1-80.
Fuhn, I. E. & F. Niculescu-Burlacu. 1971. Fam. Lycosidae. Fauna Republicii Socialiste România (Arachnida) 5(3): 1-253.
Hahn, C. W. 1833. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Erster Band, pp. 77-129; Zweite Band, pp. 1-16.
Heimer, S. & W. Nentwig. 1991. Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp.
Holm, Å. 1947. Svensk Spindelfauna III. Oxyopidae, Lycosidae, Pisauridae. Stockholm, pp. 1-48.
Hu, J. L. 2001. Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, 658 pp.
Hu, J. L. & W. G. Wu. 1989. Spiders from agricultural regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Shandong Univ. Publ. House, Jinan, 435 pp.
Knülle, W. 1954. Lycosa purbeckensis F. O. P. Cambridge (Lycosidae: Araneae), eine deutsche Küstenart: Ein Beitrag zur Taxonomie der Lycosa-monticola-Gruppe. Kieler Meeresforschungen 10: 68-76.
Koch, C. L. 1850. Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Nürnberg, Heft 5, pp. 1-77.
Koch, C. L. 1847. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Vierzehnter Band, pp. 89-210, Funfzehnter Band, pp. 1-136, Sechszehnter Band, pp. 1-80.
Kratochvíl, J. 1935. Araignées nouvelles ou non encore signalées en Yougoslavie. Première partie. Folia zool. hydrobiol. 8: 10-25.
Kulczynski, W. 1909. Fragmenta Arachnologica. XI-XIII. Bull. Acad. Cracovie 1909: 427-472.
Locket, G. H. & A. F. Millidge. 1951. British spiders. Ray Society, London, 1: 1-310.
Locket, G. H., A. F. Millidge & P. Merrett. 1974. British Spiders, Volume III. Ray Society, London, 315 pp.
Loksa, I. 1972. Araneae II. Fauna Hungariae 109: 1-112.
Mcheidze, T. S. 1997. [Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review]. Tbilisi Univ., 390 pp. (in Georgian).
Menge, A. 1879. Preussische Spinnen. X. Fortsetzung. Schrift. naturf. Ges. Danzig (N. F.) 4: 495-560.
Miller, F. 1971. Pavouci-Araneida. Klíc zvíreny CSSR 4: 51-306.
Muller, L. 1955. Les lycosides et les familles apparentées dans le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Arch. Inst. Grand-Ducal Luxemb. 22: 153-173.
Pirchegger, H. & K. Thaler. 1999. Zur Unterscheidung der Männchen von Pardosa blanda (C. L. Koch) und P. torrentum Simon (Araneae, Lycosidae). Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges. 72: 47-53.
Roberts, M. J. 1998. Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1985. The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1: Atypidae to Theridiosomatidae. Harley Books, Colchester, England.
Saito, S. 1959. The Spider Book Illustrated in Colours. Hokuryukan, Tokyo, 194 pp.
Saito, S. 1934. Spiders from Hokkaido. Jour. Fac. agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 33: 267-362.
Simon, E. 1937. Les arachnides de France. Tome VI. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae; 5e et derniére partie. Paris, 6: 979-1298.
Simon, E. 1876. Les arachnides de France. Paris, 3: 1-364.
Simon, E. 1864. Histoire naturelle des araignées (aranéides). Paris, pp. 1-540.
Smith, F. P. 1907. The British spiders of the genus Lycosa. Jour. Queck. Micr. Cl. (2) 10: 9-30.
Song, D. X., M. S. Zhu & J. Chen. 1999. The Spiders of China. Hebei Sci. Technol. Publ. House, Shijiazhuang, 640 pp.
Sundevall, J. C. 1833. Svenska spindlarnes beskrifning. Fortsättning och slut. Kongl. Svenska Vet. Ak. Handl. 1832: 172-272.
Thorell, T. 1872. Remarks on synonyms of European spiders. Part III. Upsala, pp. 229-374.
Tongiorgi, P. 1966. Italian wolf spiders of the genus Pardosa (Araneae: Lycosidae). Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv. 134: 275-334.
Walckenaer, C. A. 1837. Histoire naturelle des insectes. Aptères. Paris, 1: 1-682.
Westring, N. 1861. Araneae svecieae. Göteb. Kongl. Vet. Handl. 7: 1-615.
Wiebes, J. T. 1959. The Lycosidae and Pisauridae (Araneae) of the Netherlands. Zool. Verh. Leiden 42: 1-78.
Yin, C. M., X. J. Peng, L. S. Gong, Y. F. Chen & J. P. Kim. 1997. Six new species of the genus Pardosa from China (Araneae: Lycosidae). Korean Arachnol. 13(2): 19-31.
Zhao, J. Z. 1993. Spiders in the Cotton Fields in China. Wuhan Publishing House, Wuhan, China, 552 pp.
Zyuzin, A. A. 1985. [Stational distribution of wolf-spiders of the genus Pardosa C. L. Koch (Aranei, Lycosidae) in Dnepropetrovsk area. In Voprosy stepnogo lesovedeniya i nauchnye osnovy lesnoy rekultivatsii zemel. Dnepropetrovsk, pp. 155-161.
Zyuzin, A. A. 1979. A taxonomic study of Palearctic spiders of the genus Pardosa (Aranei, Lycosidae). Part 1. The taxonomic structure of the genus. Ent. Obozr. 58: 431-447.
†Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog accessible at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/LYCOSIDAE.html
Other Nearctic Members of Genus Pardosa C. L. Koch, 1847‡‡
P. agrestis (Westring, 1861) ...............Palearctic
P. albomaculata Emerton, 1885 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska, Greenland
P. algens (Kulczynski, 1908) ...............Canada, Alaska, Russia
P. altamontis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1946 ...............USA, Canada
P. anomala Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA, Canada
P. atlantica Emerton, 1913 ...............USA
P. atrata (Thorell, 1873) ...............Palearctic
P. bellona Banks, 1898 ...............USA, Mexico
P. beringiana Dondale & Redner, 1987 ...............Canada, Alaska
P. bifasciata (C. L. Koch, 1834) ...............Palearctic
P. blanda (C. L. Koch, 1833) ...............Palearctic
P. bucklei Kronestedt, 1975 ...............USA, Canada
P. californica Keyserling, 1887 ...............USA, Mexico
P. coloradensis Banks, 1894 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. concinna (Thorell, 1877) ...............USA, Canada
P. confusa Kronestedt, 1988 ...............USA
P. crassistyla Kronestedt, 1988 ...............USA
P. delicatula Gertsch & Wallace, 1935 ...............USA, Mexico
P. distincta (Blackwall, 1846) ...............USA, Canada
P. diuturna Fox, 1937 ...............Canada, Alaska
P. dorsalis Banks, 1894 ...............USA, Canada
P. dorsuncata Lowrie & Dondale, 1981 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. dromaea (Thorell, 1878) ...............USA, Canada
P. eiseni (Thorell, 1875) ...............Palearctic
P. falcifera F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1902 ...............USA to Costa Rica
P. ferruginea (L. Koch, 1870) ...............Palearctic
P. floridana (Banks, 1896) ...............USA, Cuba
P. fulvipes (Collett, 1876) ...............Palearctic
P. furcifera (Thorell, 1875) ...............Canada, Alaska, Greenland, Iceland
P. fuscula (Thorell, 1875) ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. glacialis (Thorell, 1872) ...............Holarctic
P. gothicana Lowrie & Dondale, 1981 ...............USA
P. groenlandica (Thorell, 1872) ...............USA, Canada, Alaska, Greenland
P. hetchi Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 ...............USA
P. hortensis (Thorell, 1872) ...............Palearctic
P. hyperborea (Thorell, 1872) ...............Holarctic
P. josemitensis (Strand, 1908) ...............USA
P. knappi Dondale, 2007 ...............USA
P. labradorensis (Thorell, 1875) ...............USA, Canada
P. lapidicina Emerton, 1885 ...............USA, Canada
P. lapponica (Thorell, 1872) ...............Holarctic
P. lasciva L. Koch, 1879 ...............Palearctic
P. littoralis Banks, 1896 ...............USA, Canada, Cuba
P. lowriei Kronestedt, 1975 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. luctinosa Simon, 1876 ...............Palearctic
P. lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802) ...............Palearctic
P. mackenziana (Keyserling, 1877) ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. mercurialis Montgomery, 1904 ...............USA
P. metlakatla Emerton, 1917 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. milvina (Hentz, 1844) ...............USA, Canada
P. mixta (Kulczynski, 1887) ...............Palearctic
P. modica (Blackwall, 1846) ...............USA, Canada
P. moesta Banks, 1892 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. montgomeryi Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA, Mexico
P. mulaiki Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA, Canada
P. nebulosa (Thorell, 1872) ...............Palearctic
P. nigra (C. L. Koch, 1834) ...............Palearctic
P. nordicolens Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 ...............Canada, Alaska, Russia
P. ontariensis Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA, Canada
P. orophila Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA, Mexico
P. orthodox Chamberlin, 1924 ...............USA, Mexico
P. ourayensis Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA
P. paludicola (Clerck, 1757) ...............Palearctic
P. palustris (Linnaeus, 1758) ...............Holarctic
P. palustris islandica (Strand, 1906) ...............Iceland
P. parvula Banks, 1904 ...............USA
P. pauxilla Montgomery, 1904 ...............USA
P. pedia Dondale, 2007 ...............Canada
P. plumipes (Thorell, 1875) ...............Palearctic
P. podhorskii (Kulczynski, 1907) ...............Canada, Alaska, Russia
P. prosaica Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947 ...............Russia, Alaska, Canada
P. proxima (C. L. Koch, 1847) ...............Palearctic, Canary Is., Azores
P. rainieriana Lowrie & Dondale, 1981 ...............USA, Canada
P. ramulosa (McCook, 1894) ...............USA, Mexico
P. riparia (C. L. Koch, 1833) ...............Palearctic
P. saltonia Dondale & Redner, 1984 ...............USA, Mexico
P. saxatilis (Hentz, 1844) ...............USA, Canada
P. schenkeli Lessert, 1904 ...............Palearctic
P. septentrionalis (Westring, 1861) ...............Northern Palearctic
P. sierra Banks, 1898 ...............USA, Mexico
P. sinistra (Thorell, 1877) ...............USA, Canada
P. sodalis Holm, 1970 ...............Canada, Alaska, Russia
P. sordidata (Thorell, 1875) ...............Palearctic
P. sternalis (Thorell, 1877) ...............North America
P. steva Lowrie & Gertsch, 1955 ...............North America
P. tatarica (Thorell, 1875) ...............Palearctic
P. tesquorum (Odenwall, 1901) ...............Russia, Mongolia, China, USA, Canada, Alaska
P. tetonensis Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA
P. tristis (Thorell, 1877) ...............USA, Canada
P. tuoba Chamberlin, 1919 ...............USA
P. uintana Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. uncata (Thorell, 1877) ...............USA
P. utahensis Chamberlin, 1919 ...............USA
P. vadosa Barnes, 1959 ...............USA, Mexico
P. valens Barnes, 1959 ...............USA, Mexico
P. vancouveri Emerton, 1917 ...............USA, Canada
P. vogelae Kronestedt, 1993 ...............USA
P. wagleri (Hahn, 1822) ...............Palearctic
P. wasatchensis Gertsch, 1933 ...............USA
P. wyuta Gertsch, 1934 ...............USA, Canada
P. xerampelina (Keyserling, 1877) ...............USA, Canada, Alaska
P. xerophila Vogel, 1964 ...............USA, Mexico
P. yavapa Chamberlin, 1925 ...............USA
P. zionis Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 ...............USA
‡‡May also include species with Palearctic distribution