Zelotes subterraneus (C. L. Koch, 1833)
| FAMILY: GNAPHOSIDAE Pocock, 1898 Genus: Zelotes Gistel, 1848 Species: Zelotes subterraneus (C. L. Koch, 1833)  |
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Common Names
Family Common Name:
stealthy ground spiders
Genus Common Name:
none
Species Common Name:
none
Distribution & Point Collections
Global Distribution: Palearctic
Nearctic States & Provinces: 
IL MD MT WY
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Specimen Search
Specimen list |
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Natural History, Phenology & Image(s)
Feeding Guild:† ground runners
†Feeding guild when noted defined by Uetz, G. W., J. Halaj, and A. B. Cady. 1999. Guild structure of spiders in major crops. Journal of Arachnology 27:270-280. PDF
Habitat (published): (not yet published or unknown)
Life & Natural History: (not yet recorded or unknown)
Seasonality of Contributed Specimen Records:
Image(s) of Habitus:
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Details About Males
Description: (not yet recorded or unknown)
| Male Dimensions: (Dimensions not yet available) |
Image of External Male Genitalia: email an image |
Details About Females
Description: (not yet recorded or unknown)
| Female Dimensions: (Dimensions not yet available) |
Image of Epigynum: email an image |
Synonyms and Chresonyms‡
Taxonomic References‡
Almquist, S. 2006. Swedish Araneae, part 2--families Dictynidae to Salticidae. Insect Syst. Ecol., Suppl. 63: 285-601.
Azheganova, N. S. 1968. Kratkii opredelitel' paukov (Aranei) lesnoi i lesostepnoi zony SSSR. Akademia Nauk SSSR, pp. 1-149.
Becker, L. 1896. Les arachnides de Belgique. Ann. Mus. Roy. Hist. nat. Belg. 12: 1-3788.
Bellmann, H. 1997. Kosmos-Atlas Spinnentiere Europas. Frankh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart, 304 pp.
Blackwall, J. 1861. A history of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1: 1-174.
Braendegaard, J. 1966. Edderkopper: Eller Spindlere I. Danmarks Fauna 72: 1-224.
Chatzaki, M., K. Thaler & M. Mylonas. 2003. Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneae) from Crete and adjacent areas of Greece. Taxonomy and distribution. III. Zelotes and allied genera. Rev. suisse Zool. 1109 45-89.
Chyzer, C. & W. Kulczynski. 1897. Araneae hungariae. Budapest, 2: 151-366.
Cooke, J. A. L. 1962. The spiders of Colne Point, Essex, with descriptions of two species new to Britain. Entomologist's mon. Mag. 97: 245-253.
Denis, J. 1947. Araignées de France. I. Araignées de Vendée avec la description d'une espèce nouvelle des Pyrénées-Orientales. Revue fr. Ent. 14: 145-155.
Gistel, J. 1848. Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs für höhere Schulen. Stuttgart (Araneae, pp. 155-158).
Grimm, U. 1985. Die Gnaphosidae Mitteleuropas (Arachnida, Araneae). Abh. naturw. Ver. Hamb. 26: 1-318.
Grimm, U. 1982. Sibling species in the Zelotes subterraneus-group and description of 3 new species of Zelotes from Europe (Arachnida: Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Verh. naturw. Ver. Hamb. 25: 169-183.
Hansen, H., J. 1882. Spindeldyr. In Schiödte, J. C. (ed.), Zoologia Danica. Kjöbenhavn, 3: 1-81, I-V.
Heimer, S. & W. Nentwig. 1991. Spinnen Mitteleuropas: Ein Bestimmungsbuch. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, 543 pp.
Hu, J. L. 1989. On four species of gnaphosid spiders from China (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). J. Shandong Univ. 24: 98-105.
Hu, J. L. & W. G. Wu. 1989. Spiders from agricultural regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Shandong Univ. Publ. House, Jinan, 435 pp.
Izmailova, M. V. 1989. [Fauna of Spiders of South Part of Eastern Siberia]. Irkutsk, State Univ. Publ., 184 pp.
Jézéquel, J. F. 1962. Contribution à l'étude des Zelotes femelles (Araneida, Labidognatha, Drassodidae "Gnaphosidae") de la fauna française. Verh. dtsch. zool. Ges. (Zool. Anz.) 25(Suppl.): 519-532.
Koch, C. L. 1839. Die Arachniden. Nürnberg, Funfter Band, pp. 125-158, Sechster Band, pp. 1-156, Siebenter Band, pp. 1-106.
Koch, C. L. 1833. Arachniden. In Herrich-Schäffer, G. A. W., Deutschlands Insekten. Heft 119-121.
Koch, L. 1877. Verzeichniss der bei Nürnberg bis jetzt beobachteten Arachniden (mit Ausschluss der Ixodiden und Acariden) und Beschreibungen von neuen, hier vorkommenden Arten. Abh. naturh. Ges. Nürnberg 6: 113-198.
Koch, L. 1866. Die Arachniden-Familie der Drassiden. Nürnberg, Hefte 1-6, pp. 1-304.
Kovblyuk, M. M. 2006. Zelotes kukushkini sp. n. (Aranei, Gnaphosidae) and close related species from Palaearctic. Vestn. Zool. 40: 205-217.
Locket, G. H., A. F. Millidge & P. Merrett. 1974. British Spiders, Volume III. Ray Society, London, 315 pp.
Mcheidze, T. S. 1997. [Spiders of Georgia: Systematics, Ecology, Zoogeographic Review]. Tbilisi Univ., 390 pp. (in Georgian).
Menge, A. 1872. Preussische spinnen. V. Abtheilung. Schrift. naturf. Ges. Danzig (N. F.) 2: 297-326.
Miller, F. 1971. Pavouci-Araneida. Klíc zvíreny CSSR 4: 51-306.
Miller, F. 1967. Studien über die Kopulationsorgane der Spinnengattung Zelotes, Micaria, Robertus und Dipoena nebst Beschreibung einiger neuen oder unvollkommen bekannten Spinnenarten. Prirodov. Pr. Cesk. Akad. Ved (N.S.) 1: 251-298.
Murphy, J. A. & N. I. Platnick. 1986. On Zelotes subterraneus (C. L. Koch) in Britain (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bull. Br. arachnol. Soc. 7: 97-100.
Noordam, A. P. 1992. Gnaphosidae (Araneae) of the Netherlands, drawings, some notes, and some thoughts about ant-mimicry. Published by the author, Groenesteeg 104, 2312 SR Leiden, Netherlands.
Ovtsharenko, V. I. & Y. M. Marusik. 1988. Spiders of the family Gnaphosidae (Aranei) of the north-east of the USSR (the Magadan Province). Ent. Obozr. 67: 204-217.
Palmgren, P. 1943. Die Spinnenfauna Finnlands II. Act. zool. Fennica 36: 1-115.
Platnick, N. I. & M. U. Shadab. 1983. A revision of the American spiders of the genus Zelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bull. Am. Mus. nat. Hist. 174: 97-192.
Reimoser, E. 1937. Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea. VII. Gnaphosidae oder Plattbauchspinnen. In Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Jena, 33(16): 1-41.
Roberts, M. J. 1998. Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1995. Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts, M. J. 1987. The spiders of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 2: Linyphiidae and check list. Harley Books, Colchester, England.
Simon, E. 1914. Les arachnides de France. Synopsis générale et catalogue des espèces françaises de l'ordre des Araneae; 1re partie. Paris, 6: 1-308.
Simon, E. 1893. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris, 1: 257-488.
Simon, E. 1878. Les arachnides de France. Paris, 4: 1-334.
Song, D. X., M. S. Zhu & F. Zhang. 2004. Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 39: Arachnida: Araneae: Gnaphosidae. Science Press, Beijing, ix + 362 pp.
Tullgren, A. 1946. Svenska spindelfauna: 3. Egentliga spindlar. Araneae. Fam. 5-7. Clubionidae, Zoridae och Gnaphosidae. Entomologiska Föreningen, Stockholm, 141 pp.
Tullgren, A. 1942. Bidrag till kännedomen om den svenska spindelfaunan. I. Ent. Tidskr. 63: 217-234.
Tyschchenko, V. P. 1971. Opredelitel' paukov evropejskoj casti SSSR. Leningrad, pp. 1-281.
Wider, 1834. Beschreibung der Arachniden. In Reuss, A., Zoologischen miscellen. Mus. Senck. (Abh.) 1: 195-282.
‡Nomenclature and taxonomic references from the World Spider Catalog
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